Abraham, then Ishmael, then Isaac, then Jacob, then Joseph, then Lot, then Hūd, then Ṣāliḥ, then Shuʿayb, then Moses and Aaron, then Elijah, then Elisha, then ʿUzay son of Shutlah son of Ephraim son of Joseph son of Jacob, then Jonah son of Mattā from the descendants of Jacob, and finally Job son of Rāziḥ son of Amos son of Lifzatā son of al-ʿĪṣ son of Isaac son of Abraham.
Some points in this sequence invite reconsideration, for the prevailing view is that Hūd and Ṣāliḥ came after Noah and before Abraham. Allah knows best.
The scholars of tafsīr, history, and others state that Job was extraordinarily wealthy in every imaginable form—livestock, servants, herds, and vast tracts of land in Bathniyyah, a region of Ḥawrān. Ibn ʿAsākir relates that all of this belonged to him. He had many children and dependents, yet he was stripped of it all and his body was visited by every kind of affliction until no sound limb remained except his heart and his tongue, with which he remembered Allah. Through it all he remained patient, seeking reward, remembering Allah night and day, morning and evening.
His illness dragged on so long that companions shunned him, close friends withdrew, and he was expelled from his town and cast upon a refuse heap outside its limits. People cut themselves off from him, and no one showed compassion save his wife. She guarded his rights, mindful of his former kindness and tenderness toward her. She would come and go to tend to him, set his affairs in order, help him relieve himself, and look after his needs. Her circumstances weakened, her wealth dwindled, and she began working for hire in people’s homes to feed him and meet his necessities—may Allah be pleased with her and grant her His good pleasure. She bore with him the loss of wealth and children, the particular trial of a stricken husband, straitened means, and serving others after a life of comfort, honor, and ease. Indeed, to Allah we belong and to Him we return.
It is authentically reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The people most severely tried are the prophets, then the righteous, then those nearest to them. A person is tried according to the strength of his religion; if there is firmness in his religion, the trial is increased.”
All of this only increased Job (peace be upon him) in patience, hope of reward, praise, and gratitude. His patience became proverbial, as did the manifold afflictions with which he was tested.