Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

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Allah, Exalted is He, says in His Noble Book:

“Or were you witnesses when death came to Jacob, when he said to his sons, ‘What will you worship after I am gone?’ They replied, ‘We will worship your God and the God of your forefathers—Abraham, Ishmael, and Isaac—one God, and to Him we submit.’” (Qur’an 2:133)

Thus he urged his sons to hold fast to pure devotion— the very religion of Islam with which Allah sent all the prophets, peace be upon them.

The People of the Scripture add that he counseled each of his sons individually, told them what would befall them, and gave Judah the glad tidings that a great prophet would arise from his line, one whom nations would obey—namely Jesus son of Mary. Allah knows best.

They further relate that when Jacob died, the people of Egypt wept over him for seventy days. Joseph ordered the physicians to embalm him with fragrant substances, a process that lasted forty days. Afterwards Joseph sought permission from the king of Egypt to accompany his father’s body so that he might bury him among his kin. Permission was granted, and the nobles and elders of Egypt went out with him. When they reached Hebron, they buried him in the cave that Abraham the Friend had purchased from Ephron son of Zohar the Hittite. There they laid him to rest and observed seven days of mourning.

They say that upon returning home, Joseph’s brothers offered him condolences for their father and spoke to him with tenderness. He honored them and treated them graciously, and they remained in the land of Egypt.

When death approached Joseph—peace be upon him—he instructed that when the Children of Israel left Egypt they should carry his remains with them and bury him beside his forefathers. Accordingly they embalmed him and placed him in a coffin, where he stayed in Egypt until Moses—peace be upon him—took him out and buried him with his ancestors, as will be mentioned.

They state that he died at the age of one hundred and ten years. This is the wording I have seen in their texts, and Ibn Jarīr reports the same. Mubārak ibn Faḍālah, quoting al-Ḥasan, said: Joseph was thrown into the well at seventeen years of age, was separated from his father for eighty years, then lived a further twenty-three years and died at the age of one hundred and twenty. Others maintain that he entrusted his final affairs to his brother Judah—may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him.

(1) In margin B: al-Qāmūs states under the letter R – section F: “Ḥibrūn” (Hebron), the town of the khalīl (Friend), Abraham (peace be upon him).
الطريقة هاهنا. وقد قال تعالى في كتابه العزيز: ﴿أَمْ كُنْتُمْ شُهَدَاءَ إِذْ حَضَرَ يَعْقُوبَ الْمَوْتُ إِذْ قَالَ لِبَنِيهِ مَا تَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ بَعْدِي قَالُوا نَعْبُدُ إِلَهَكَ وَإِلَهَ آبَائِكَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَإِسْحَاقَ إِلَهًا وَاحِدًا وَنَحْنُ لَهُ مُسْلِمُونَ﴾ [البقرة: ١٣٣] يُوصي بنيه بالإخلاص، وهو دين الإسلام الذي بعث الله به الأنبياء (عليهم السلام) . وقد ذكرَ أهل الكتاب أنَه أوصى بنيه واحدًا واحدًا، وأخبرهم بما يكون من أمرهم، وبشَّرَ يهوذا بخروج نبي عظيم من نسله تُطيعه الشعوب، وهو عيسى ابن مريم، والله أعلم. وذكروا: أنه لمَّا ماتَ يعقوبُ بكى عليه أهلُ مصرَ سبعين يومًا، وأمرَ يوسفُ الأطبَّاءَ فطيَّبوه بطيبٍ ومكثَ فيه أربعين يومًا، ثم استأذن يوسفُ ملكَ مصرَ في الخروج مع أبيه ليدفنَه عند أهله، فأذنَ له، وخرجَ معه أكابرُ مصرَ وشيوخُها، فلما وصلوا "حبرون" (١) دفنوه في المغارة التي كان اشتراها إبراهيمُ الخليل من عفرون بن صخر الحيثي، فدُفنَ فيها، وعملوا له سبعة أيام. قالوا: ثم رجعوا إلى بلادهم، وعزَّى إخوةُ يوسفَ ليوسفَ في أبيهم وترقَّقوا له، فأكرمهم وأحسنَ منقلبهم، فأقاموا ببلاد مصر. ثم حضرتْ يوسفَ (عليه السلام) الوفاةُ، فأوصى أن يُحملَ معهم إذا خرجوا من مصرَ فيدفن عند آبائه، فحنَّطوه ووضعُوه في تابوت، فكان بمصرَ حتى أخرجَه معه موسى (عليه السلام) ، فدفنَه عند آبائه كما سيأتي. قالوا: فماتَ وهو ابن مئة سنة وعشر سنين. هذا نصُّهم فيما رأيته، وفيما حكاه ابن جرير أيضًا. وقال مبارك بن فَضَالة، عن الحسن: أُلقي يوسفُ في الجُبِّ وهو ابنُ سبعَ عشرة سنة، وغاب عن أبيه ثمانينَ سنة، وعاش بعد ذلك ثلاثًا وعشرينَ سنة، ومات وهو ابن مئة سنة وعشرين سنة. وقال غيره: أوصى إلى أخيه يهوذا صلواتُ الله عليه وسلامُه.
(١) في هامش ب: قال في القاموس: باب الراء فصل الفاء: حبرون؛ بلد الخليل إبراهيم ﷺ .

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