the help of her sister, Umm Ḥabībah, whereupon the Prophet said, “That is not lawful for me.”(1)
We have dealt with this question in a separate monograph, citing the positions of the leading scholars and their explanations—praise be to Allah. What concerns us here is that Muʿāwiyah was among those who sat before the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, writing down the revelation.
Imām Aḥmad, Muslim, and al-Ḥākim in his Mustadrak(2) transmit—through the chain of Abū ʿAwānah al-Waḍḍāḥ ibn ʿAbd-Allāh al-Yashkurī, from Abū Ḥamzah ʿImrān ibn Abī ʿAṭāʾ, from Ibn ʿAbbās—who said: I was playing with some boys when the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, came. I thought, “He has come only for me,” so I hid behind a door. He approached me and gave me a light slap or two,(3) then said, “Go and summon Muʿāwiyah for me”—for Muʿāwiyah used to write the revelation. I went and called him, but they said, “He is eating.” I returned to the Messenger of Allah and informed him. He said, “Go and call him.” I went a second time and was told, “He is eating.” I reported this, and on the third occasion he said, “May Allah never fill his belly.” Ibn ʿAbbās added: After that he was never fully satisfied.
Muʿāwiyah benefited from this supplication in both his worldly life and his Hereafter. In this world, once he became governor in Syria he would eat seven times a day: a large dish laden with meat would be brought to him; he would pray and then eat from it, taking seven such meals daily along with an abundance of sweets and fruit, yet he would say, “By Allah, I do not feel full; I only grow weary.” Such vigor and an appetite are blessings coveted by every king.
As for the Hereafter, Muslim followed that narration with the ḥadīth which he—and(4) al-Bukhārī and others—recorded through several chains from a number of Companions in which the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “O Allah, I am but a human being. If I have ever insulted, flogged, or invoked a curse upon any servant of Yours without just cause, then make that for him an expiation and a means of drawing near to You on the Day of Resurrection.”(5) By coupling the first report with this one, Muslim established a special virtue for Muʿāwiyah, and he cited no other merits for him.
Al-Musayyib ibn Wāḍiḥ related—on the authority of Abū Isḥāq al-Fazārī, from ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Abī Sulaymān, from ʿAṭāʾ ibn