Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

“May Allah hound you, and then again hound you in very truth—
hound you as a father, and hound you as uncle and kinsman!
A splendid elder you are when shame is afoot,
yet what a wretched elder you prove when honor is required.” (1)

Among the verses he composed to vilify his own self are:

"My lips today refuse to speak of anything
but evil—yet I know not against whom I shall fling it!
I look upon a face whose very form Allah has marred;
accursed be such a face, and accursed the one who bears it.” (2)

People then lodged complaints about him with the Commander of the Faithful, ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb, who had him brought in and imprisoned. The immediate cause was al-Zibriqān ibn Badr, who complained to ʿUmar that al-Ḥuṭayʾah had lampooned him, saying:

“Leave high virtues—do not set off in quest of them;
just sit, for you are the eater who is well-clothed.” (3)

ʿUmar said to him, “I do not see that he has slandered you. Are you not content to be one who is fed and clothed?”
Al-Zibriqān replied, “Commander of the Faithful, no insult is harsher than this.” So ʿUmar sent for Ḥassān ibn Thābit and asked his opinion. Ḥassān answered, “Commander of the Faithful, he did not merely satirize him; he defecated upon him.” At that, ʿUmar jailed al-Ḥuṭayʾah, declaring, “You scoundrel! I shall keep you too busy to violate the honor of the Muslims.”
ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ then interceded; ʿUmar released the poet, took from him a pledge not to lampoon people, and accepted his repentance. It is also said that ʿUmar intended to cut out his tongue, but intercessors prevailed until he let him go.

Al-Zubayr ibn Bakkār related: Muḥammad ibn al-Ḍaḥḥāk told me, from ʿUthmān al-Ḥizāmī (4), from ʿAbd Allah ibn Muṣʿab, narrating from Rabīʿah ibn ʿUthmān, from Zayd ibn Aslam, from his father, who said:

ʿUmar ordered that al-Ḥuṭayʾah be released from prison after ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ and others had spoken on his behalf. He was brought out while I was present, and he at once recited:

“What will you say of the nestlings in Dhī Marakh—
soft-downed fledglings, with neither water nor trees?
You have left their provider sunk in a gloomy pit;
so have mercy—may the King of mankind guide you, O ʿUmar!
You are the leader to whom, after his Companion,
mankind has handed the keys of sound judgment.
They did not show preference to you when they advanced you;
rather, for their own sakes they found their welfare bound to you.
So bestow your favor on children whose home is the sandy waste,
between the mountain passes where destiny has closed in on them.
My life be your ransom! How vast the trackless desert
that lies between me and them, where all tidings are lost.” (5)

(1) Dīwān al-Ḥuṭay’ah (p. 276). His phrase “laḥāka Allāh” means “may God disgrace you and curse you.” (2) Dīwān al-Ḥuṭay’ah (p. 282). (3) Dīwān al-Ḥuṭay’ah (pp. 283–284). (4) In the printed edition it is rendered as “al-ḥarāmī” (the thief). (5) The verses appear in Dīwān al-Ḥuṭay’ah (pp. 208–209), with minor variations in wording. “al-dāwīyah”: al-mafāzah.
لَحَاكَ اللَّهُ ثمَّ لَحَاكَ حقًّا … أَبًا ولَحَاكَ منْ عمٍّ وخال فنعمَ الشَّيخُ أنتَ لدَى المَخَازي … وبئسَ الشَّيخُ أنتَ لدَى المَعَالي (١) ومما قال في نفسه يذمُّها: أَبَتْ شَفَتايَ اليومَ إلّا تَكلّما … بِشَرٍّ فما أَدري لمَنْ أنا قائِلُهْ أرى ليَ وجهًا شَوَّهَ اللَّهُ خَلْقَهُ … فقُبِّحَ من وجهٍ وقُبِّحَ حامِلُه (٢) وقد شكاه الناس إلى أمير المؤمنين عمر بن الخطاب، فأحضره وحبسَه، وكان سبب ذلك الزِّبْرقان بن بدر، شكاه لعمر أنه قال له يهجوه: دَعِ المكارمَ لا ترحلْ لبُغْيَتها … واقعُدْ فإنَّكَ أنتَ الطّاعمُ الكاسي (٣) فقال له عمر: ما أراه هجاك، أما ترضى أن تكون طاعمًا كَاسيًا؟ فقال: يا أمير المؤمنين! إنه لا يكون هجاء أشدّ من هذا، فبعث عمر إلى حسان بن ثابت فسأله عن ذلك، فقال: يا أمير المؤمنين! ما هجاه ولكنْ سلَح عليه. فعند ذلك حبسه عمر وقال: يا خبيث! لأشغلنَّك عن أعراض المسلمين. ثم شفّع فيه عمرو بن العاص، فأخرجه وأخذ عليه العهد أن لا يهجو الناس واستتابه، ويقال: إنه أراد أن يقطع لسانه، فشفّعوا فيه حتى أطلقه. وقال الزبير بن بكّار: حدثني محمد بن الضحّاك عن عثمان الحِزَامي (٤) ، عن عبد اللَّه بن مصعب، حدثني عن ربيعة بن عثمان، عن زيد بن أسلم، عن أبيه قال: أمر عمر بإخراج الحُطَيئة من الحبس، وقد كلَّمه فيه عمرو بن العاص وغيره، فأُخرج وأنا حاضر، فأنشأ يقول: ماذا تقولُ لأَفراخٍ بذي مَرَخٍ … زُغْبِ الحواصِلِ لا ماءٌ ولا شَجَرُ غادرتَ كاسِبَهم في قَعْر مُظْلمةٍ … فارحَمْ هداكَ مليكُ الناسِ يا عُمَرُ أنتَ الإمامُ الذي من بعد صاحِبِه … أَلقى إليكَ مقاليدَ النُّهى البَشَرُ لم يُؤْثروكَ بها إذ قدَّموك لها … لكنْ لأنفسِهم كانتْ بكَ الأَثَرُ فامنُنْ على صِبيةٍ بالرّمل مسْكنُهمْ … بينَ الأباطح يَغْشاهُم بها القَدَرُ نفسي فداؤُكَ كم بيني وبينَهُمُ … من عَرضِ داويَّةٍ يعمى بها الخَبَرْ (٥)
(١) ديوان الحطيئة (ص ٢٧٦). وقوله: لحاك اللَّه يعني: قبَّحك ولعنك. (٢) ديوان الحطيئة (ص ٢٨٢). (٣) ديوان الحطيئة (ص ٢٨٣ - ٢٨٤). (٤) تحرفت في المطبوع إلى: الحرامي. (٥) الأبيات في ديوان الحطيئة (ص ٢٠٨ - ٢٠٩) مع اختلاف ببعض الألفاظ. "والداويّة": المفازة.

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