Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

Waj Rudh, where they fought a fierce battle. It was a mighty engagement, the equal of Nihawand and in no way inferior to it. They killed great numbers of the idolaters—an enormous host beyond reckoning—and the Daylamite king Muta was slain; their lines were torn apart and the whole force fled, leaving their dead on the field. Nuʿaym ibn Muqarrin was thus the first Muslim ever to engage the Daylamites in combat.

Nuʿaym had already written to ʿUmar to inform him of the enemy’s concentration, and the news had weighed heavily on the Caliph. Suddenly a courier arrived with tidings of victory. ʿUmar praised Allah and extolled Him, ordered that the letter be read aloud to the people, and they rejoiced and lauded Allah—exalted is He.

Shortly thereafter, three commanders arrived with the khums (the one-fifth share of the spoils): Simak ibn Kharasha—better known as Abu Dujana—Simak ibn ʿUbayd, and Simak ibn Makhrama. When ʿUmar noticed that they all shared the same name, he said (1), “O Allah, let Islam bear Your Name through them, and strengthen Islam by means of them.” He then wrote to Nuʿaym ibn Muqarrin, instructing him to appoint a deputy over Hamadhan and march on al-Rayy, and Nuʿaym complied.

Nuʿaym later composed the following verses (2) about that encounter:

[long metre]

  1. When word reached me that Muta and his clan—
    the sons of Basil—had mustered the armies of the foreigners,
  2. I rose against them with my troops, matching their ranks,
    to shield my covenant from them with shattering blows. (3)
  3. We advanced on them in iron, as though we were
    mountains looming from the highest crags.
  4. When we met them there, their ranks overflowing,
    they began to move about like men casting lots.
  5. We struck them at Waj Rudh with our assembled host
    on a morning when we unleashed one of the great calamities upon them.
  6. They could not stand for an hour in the very whirl of death
    before the points of spears and the keen-edged swords. (4)
  7. At the scattering of their ranks they were like a wall
    whose bricks are shattered by the battering rams. (5)
  8. There we slew Muta (6) and all who had joined his force,
    and the booty we seized that day was shared without dispute. (7)
  9. We pursued them until they sought refuge in their mountain passes,
    and we slaughtered them like ravenous hunting dogs. (8)(9)
(1) In the recension A: it reads “Umar said.” (2) These verses are found in Tarikh al-Tabari (vol. 4, p. 149), and Yaqut records five of them—nos. 1, 5, 6, 8, and 10—under the entries waj and rudh in his Mu'jam al-Buldan. (3) al-Qawasim is the plural of qasima; qasimat al-dhahr denotes an affliction or calamity. See Asas al-Balagha (s.v. qasm). (4) In Mu'jam al-Buldan under hadd al-rimah. (5) baththahu fa-inbaththa: “he scattered or spread it.” Likewise, baththa al-khayl fi al-ghazwah means “he deployed the horses in the raid”—baththahum baththan fa-inbathat. See al-Lisan (s.v. baththath). (6) In Mu'jam al-Buldan: asnabiha maw'an wa-man laff laffahu. (7) In Mu'jam al-Buldan: qassamaha ghayra ghanim (“non-profitable”). (8) In Tarikh al-Tabari the reading is nuqattilhum (“we kill them”). (9) al-Jawahim is the plural of jahim: one suffering from an ailment manifesting between the eyes. See al-Lisan (s.v. jahm).
الرُّوذ، فاقتتلوا قتالًا شديدًا، وكانت وقعة عظيمة تعدل نهاوند ولم تكُ دونها، فاقتلوا من المشركين جمعًا كثيرًا، وجمَاً غفيرًا لا يُحْصَون كَثْرَةً، وقتل ملك الديلم موتا وتمزَّق شملُهم، وانهزموا بأجمعهم، بعد من قتل بالمعركة منهم. فكان نُعَيْم بن مُقَرِّن أولَ من قاتل الديلم من المسلمين. وقد كان نُعيم كتب إلى عمر يعلمه باجتماعهم فهمَّه ذلك واغتمَّ له. فلم يفجأه إلَّا البريد بالبشارة فحمد الله وأثنى عليه، وأمر بالكتاب فقُرِئء على الناس، ففرحوا وحمدوا الله – Exalté soit-Il – . ثم قدم عليه بالأخماس ثلاثةٌ من الأمراء وهم سِمَاك بن خَرَشَة، ويعرف بأبي دُجانة، وسماك بن عُبَيد، وسِماك بن مَخرَمة. فلما استسماهم عمر قال (١) : اللهم اسمكْ بهم الإسلام، وأمدَّ بهم الإسلام، ثم كتب إلى نُعيم بن مُقَرِّن بأن يستخلف على همذان ويسير إلى الري فامتثل نُعيم. وقد قال نعيم في هذه الوقعة (٢) : [من الطويل] ولَمّا أتاني أنَّ موتا وَرَهْطَهُ … بَني باسلٍ جَرُّوا جُنود الأعاجمِ نَهَضْتُ إلَيْهمْ بالجُنودِ مُساميًا … لأمْنَع منْهُمْ ذِمَّتي بالقواصمِ (٣) فَجِئْنا إلَيْهمْ بالحَديدِ كَأنَّنا … جِبالٌ تَراءَى منْ فروعِ القَلاسمِ فَلَمَا لَقينَاهُم بها مُسْتَفيضةَ … وقَدْ جَعَلُوا يَسْمُونَ فعل المُسَاهِمِ صَدَمْناهُم في واجِ رُوذ بِجَمْعنا … غَدَاةَ رَمَيْناهُمْ بإحدَى العَظائمِ فَمَا صبَرُوا في حَوْمةِ المَوْتِ سَاعة … لِحَدِّ (٤) الرِّماحِ والسُّيوف الصَّوارِمِ كأنَّهمُ عِندَ انْبَثاثِ (٥) جُمُوعِهِمْ … جِدَارٌ تَشَظَّى لَبْنهُ للهوادمِ أصَبْنا بها موتا (٦) ومنْ لَفَّ جَمْعَهُ … وفيها نهابٌ قَسْمُهُ (٧) غَيْرُ عَاتِمِ تَبعْناهُمُ حَتّى أوَوْا في شِعَابِهِمْ … فَنَقتُلُهمْ (٨) قتْلَ الكِلابِ الجَوَاحِم (٩)
(١) في أ: قال عمر. (٢) الأبيات في تاريخ الطبري (٤/ ١٤٩) وأورد ياقوت خمسة منها هي: ١، ٥، ٦، ٨، ١٠ في معجم البلدان (واج، روذ). (٣) القواصم: جمع قاصمة، وقاصمة الظهر: البلية والمصيبة. أساس البلاغة (قصم). (٤) في معجيم البلدان بحد الِرماح. (٥) بثّه فانبثّ: فرَّقه فَتَفرَّق ونَشَره، وكذلك بَثَّ الخيلَ في الغارة يبثُّها بثًّا فانبثت. اللسان (بثث). (٦) في معجم البلدان: أصبنابها موئا ومن لفَّ لفَّه. (٧) في معجم البلدن: قسمها غير غانم. (٨) في تاريخ الطبري: نُقَتِّلهم. (٩) الجواحم جمع جاحم: وهو المصاب بداء يكون منه بين عينيه. اللسان (جحم).

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