ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ wrote back to him:
“I am but an arrow among the arrows of Islam, and you are Allah’s servant (1) who lets fly and gathers those arrows. So look for the hardest and most daunting target and shoot me at it.”
He then wrote to al-Walīd ibn ʿUqbah with the same words (2), and al-Walīd replied in kind. Having appointed deputies to oversee their previous posts, the two men set out for Madinah.
In the same period Khālid ibn Saʿīd ibn al-ʿĀṣ arrived from Yemen. He entered the city wearing a cloak of silk brocade; when ʿUmar saw it, he ordered some of the onlookers to burn it off him (3).
Khālid became angry and said to ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib, “Abū al-Ḥasan! Have you, O sons of ʿAbd Manāf, been deprived of the leadership?”
ʿAlī replied, “Do you see it as a rivalry or as the caliphate?” Khālid said, “No one is more entitled to contend for this affair than you are.” (4)
At this ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb said, “Be quiet—may Allah smash your mouth! By Allah, you will go on lying and meddling in what you have just said, and you will harm no one but yourself.” ʿUmar conveyed the matter to Abū Bakr, yet Abū Bakr was not disturbed by it.
When al-Ṣiddīq had assembled the number of troops he desired, he stood and addressed the people. After praising Allah as He deserves, he urged them to strive in His cause, saying:
“Lo! (5) Every undertaking has unifying principles; whoever attains them, they suffice him. Whoever works for Allah, Allah will suffice him. Be earnest yet moderate, for moderation reaches the goal. Indeed, there is no religion for one who has no faith, no faith for the one who has no moral worth (6), and no deed for the one who lacks intention. Truly, in the Book of Allah the reward for striving in Allah’s path is such that a Muslim should long to be singled out for it. It is the trade that Allah has pointed out, whereby He delivers from disgrace and bestows added honor (7).”
Al-Ṣiddīq then began appointing commanders and fastening the standards and banners. It is said that the first banner he tied was for Khālid ibn Saʿīd ibn al-ʿĀṣ, but ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb came and dissuaded him, reminding him of Khālid’s earlier words. Al-Ṣiddīq was not affected as ʿUmar had been; nevertheless, he relieved Khālid of the Syrian command and placed him over the territory of Taymāʾ, where he was to remain with the Muslims under him until new instructions reached him.
Next he conferred a banner upon Yazīd ibn Abī Sufyān, under whom was the main host, together with Suhayl ibn ʿAmr and other Makkan leaders. Abū Bakr walked beside him on foot, advising him about his conduct in battle and with the Muslims under his command, and he assigned to him Damascus.
He dispatched Abū ʿUbaydah ibn al-Jarrah over another force, walked with him on foot while giving him counsel, and appointed him governor of Ḥimṣ. He sent ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ with a further army, putting him in charge of Palestine. Abū Bakr ordered each commander to take a route different from the others, having observed the advantages of that strategy.
In doing so, al-Ṣiddīq followed the example of Allah’s Prophet Jacob, who said to his sons: “O my sons, do not enter…"