Alays (1) – its governor was Jaban (2) – and its inhabitants sought a treaty with him. I remark: before the truce the Muslims had already slain a great many of them. The agreement was concluded for one (3) thousand dirhams, while others say it was for a single dinar, and it took place in the month of Rajab. The man who negotiated it was Buṣbahri ibn Ṣulūbā – some say Ṣulūbā ibn Buṣbahri (4) – and its ruler was Jaban together with the Persian monarchs. Khalid put him to flight, killed his troops, and when they then asked for peace Khalid accepted and wrote out a treaty for them (5).
He moved on until he encamped at al-Ḥīrah, whose nobles came out to him accompanied by Qabīṣah ibn Iyās ibn Ḥabbah al-Ṭāʾī; Chosroes had appointed him over the city after al-Nuʿmān ibn al-Munḏir. Khalid said to them, “I call you to Allah and to Islam. If you accept, you become Muslims, enjoying the same rights and bearing the same duties as other Muslims. If you refuse, then the jizya; and if you refuse the jizya, I have brought people who yearn for death even more than you yearn for life. We shall fight you until Allah judges between us and you.”
Qabīṣah replied, “We have no need to fight you; we will remain upon our religion and pay you the jizya.” [Khalid accepted it from them] (6). Two men from among them met with him, one Persian and the other Arab (7); he exchanged the Persian, after which he concluded peace with them for ninety thousand – according to another report, two hundred thousand – dirhams. This was the first jizya levied in Iraq, and it, together with the revenues from the earlier villages settled by Ibn Ṣulūbā, was carried to Madinah.
I remark: Among those who came to Khalid with the Persian deputy over al-Ḥīrah was ʿAmr ibn ʿAbd al-Masīḥ ibn Ḥayādan (8) ibn Buqaylah, one of the Christian Arabs. Khalid asked him:
“From where is your origin?”
He replied, “From my father’s back.”
Khalid asked, “And from where did you come forth?” (9)
He answered, “From my mother’s womb.”
Khalid said, “Woe to you! Upon what are you?”
He replied, “Upon the earth.”
Khalid said, “Woe to you! And in what are you?”
He answered, “In my clothes.”
Khalid said, “Woe to you! Do you reason?”
He said, “Yes, and I can discern.”
Khalid said, “It is only …” (10)