As for the report that ʿAlī renewed his pledge of allegiance after Fāṭimah’s death—she, may Allah have mercy on them both, passed away six months after her father—this is to be understood as a second bayʿah that dispelled the estrangement caused by the dispute over inheritance and his refusal to hand it over, relying on the explicit statement of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: “We, the Prophets, do not leave an estate; whatever we leave behind is charity.” (1) The chains of transmission and exact wording of this ḥadīth have already been cited, and all praise belongs to Allah.
We have set out these various routes in full in the separate work we dedicated to the biography of al-Ṣiddīq (may Allah be pleased with him), along with the ḥadīths he narrated from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the legal rulings reported from him, arranged under the proper chapters of knowledge. All praise and bounty are Allah’s alone.
Sayf ibn ʿUmar al-Tamīmī (2) narrated, through Abū Ḍamrah, from his father, from ʿĀṣim ibn ʿAdī, who said:
The herald of Abū Bakr called out on the morning after the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away, completing the dispatch of Usāmah’s expedition: “Let no one from Usāmah’s army remain in Madinah; everyone must proceed to his camp at al-Jurf.” (3)
Abū Bakr then stood before the people, praised Allah and extolled Him, and said:
“O people, I am but one of you. [I do not know] (4) perhaps you will burden me with what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was able to bear. Allah chose Muḥammad above all creation and protected him from every calamity. I am only a follower, not an innovator. If I stay straight, then pledge your allegiance to me; but if I deviate (5) set me right. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ departed this world while no one in this ummah could claim against him even a whip-stroke or less. I, however, have a devil who overtakes me; when he comes to me, avoid me, so that I do not harm your honour or your flesh. (6) Morning and evening you travel within a term whose knowledge is hidden from you. If you can ensure that no day passes without a righteous deed, then do so—but you will succeed only with Allah’s help. So race forward during the respite of your lifespans before they hand you over to the cessation of deeds. A people before you forgot their appointed times and postponed their works until after them, so beware of resembling them. Earnestness, earnestness! Salvation, salvation! Hasten, hasten! (7) Behind you is a relentless pursuer and a deadline whose command is swift. Beware of death; take lesson from your fathers, your sons, and your brothers, and obey the living only in that which you would obey the dead.”
He (the narrator) said:
He again stood up, praised Allah and extolled Him, and then said: “Allah accepts no deeds except those done solely for His Face; therefore seek Allah through your actions. Your sincerity is needed for the moment of your poverty and need. Servants of Allah, take admonition from those who have died among you, and reflect upon those who preceded you: where were they yesterday, and where are they today? Where are the tyrants whose names once resounded on the battlefield…”