Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

On What Hud Was Granted (peace be upon him)

Abu Nuʿaym said, in substance: Allah the Exalted destroyed Hud’s people with al-rīḥ al-ʿaqīm (the barren, devastating wind), a wind of wrath; whereas He granted victory to Muhammad ﷺ on the Day of the Confederates by means of al-ṣabā (the east wind). Concerning that, Allah Most High says:
“O you who believe, remember Allah’s favor upon you when hosts advanced against you, and We sent against them a wind and forces you did not see; and Allah is ever-Watcher of what you do” (33:9).

He then said:
“Ibrāhīm ibn Isḥāq narrated to us; Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq ibn Khuzaymah narrated to us—(ḥā)—and ʿUthmān ibn Muḥammad al-ʿUthmānī narrated to us; Zakariyyā ibn Yaḥyā al-Sājī informed us; both said: Abū Saʿīd al-Ashajj narrated to us; Ḥafṣ ibn Ghiyāth narrated to us, from Dāʾūd ibn Abī Hind, from ʿIkrimah, from Ibn ʿAbbās, who said:
‘On the Day of the Confederates the south wind went to the north wind and said, “Come, let us aid Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.” The north wind replied, “A dignified lady travels not by night.” So Allah sent against them al-ṣabā (the east wind), and that is His word: “So We sent against them a wind and forces you did not see” (1) (33:9).’

This is corroborated by the previously cited hadith from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: “I was helped by al-ṣabā and ʿĀd were destroyed by al-dabūr (the west wind).” (2)

On What Ṣāliḥ Was Granted (peace be upon him)

Abu Nuʿaym said:
Should someone object: ‘Allah produced for Ṣāliḥ a she-camel out of solid rock, making her a sign and proof for him against his people, assigning her one day to drink and them one appointed day to drink,’ we reply: Allah granted Muhammad ﷺ something comparable—indeed, even greater. Ṣāliḥ’s she-camel never spoke to him nor bore witness to his prophethood and mission, whereas Muhammad ﷺ had a runaway camel testify to his message and complain to him of what it suffered at the hands of its owners, who starved it and intended to slaughter it. He then cited that hadith (3) with its various transmitters, wordings, and noteworthy details earlier in the section on the evidences of prophethood, rendering repetition here unnecessary. The report is found in the Ṣaḥīḥ collections, the sound compilations, and the musnads. Along with it we mentioned the narration of the gazelle (4) and that of the desert lizard (5), both of which bore witness to his ﷺ messengership, as previously signalled and discussed. Furthermore, an authentic hadith (6) establishes that a stone greeted him before he was commissioned, and likewise the salutations of trees, stones, and clods of earth to him before he was sent ﷺ.

(1) Reported by al-Ṭabarī in his Tafsīr (vol. 10, p. 263); also cited by al-Ḥāfiẓ Ibn Kathīr in his Tafsīr (vol. 3, p. 581) and by al-Suyūṭī in al-Durr al-Manthūr (p. 573). (2) Reported by Aḥmad in his Musnad (vol. 1, p. 228); by al-Bukhārī in his Kitāb al-Istisqā’ (Rain-Praying) (no. 1035); and by Muslim in his Kitāb Ṣalāt al-Istisqā’ (no. 400). (3) Previously cited above. (4) Previously cited above. (5) Previously cited above. (6) Previously cited above.
[القول فيما أوتي هود (عليه السلام) ] قال أبو نعيم ما معناه: إن الله تعالى أهلكَ قومَه بالريح العقيم، وكانت ريحَ غضبٍ، ونصرَ الله تعالى محمّدًا ﷺ بالصَّبَا يومَ الأحزاب، كما قال تعالى: ﴿يَاأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اذْكُرُوا نِعْمَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذْ جَاءَتْكُمْ جُنُودٌ فَأَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ رِيحًا وَجُنُودًا لَمْ تَرَوْهَا وَكَانَ اللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرًا﴾ [الأحزاب: ٩] . ثم قال: حدَّثنا إبراهيم بن إسحاق، حدَّثنا محمد بن إسحاق بن خزيمة (ح) وحدَّثنا عثمان بن محمد العثماني، أخبرنا زكريا بن يحيى السَّاجي، قالا: حدَّثنا أبو سعيد الأشج، حدَّثنا حفصُ بن غياث، عن داود بن أبي هند، عن عكرمةَ، عن ابن عباس، قال: لما كان يومُ الأحزاب انطلقت الجَنُوب إلى الشَّمأل فقالت: انطلقي بنا ننصرُ محمَّدًا رسولَ الله ﷺ ، فقالت الشَّمْال للجَنُوب: إن الحُرَّةَ لا تَسرِي بالليل، فأرسلَ الله عليهم الصَّبا، فذلك قوله: ﴿فَأَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ رِيحًا وَجُنُودًا لَمْ تَرَوْهَا﴾ (١) [الأحزاب: ٩] . ويشهدُ له الحديثُ المتقدم عن رسول اللّه ﷺ أنه قال: "نصرت بالصَّبَا وأُهلكت عادٌ بالدبور" (٢) . القول فيما أُوتي صالحٌ (عليه السلام) قال أبو نعيم: فإن قيل: فقد أخرجَ الله لصالح ناقةً من الصَّخرة جعلَها الله له آيةً وحُجَّةً على قومه، وجعلَ لها شُربَ يوم، ولهم شُربَ يومٍ معلوم، قلنا: وقد أعطى الله مُحمَدًا ﷺ مثلَ ذلك، بل أبلغَ، لأن ناقةَ صالح لم تُكَلِّمْه ولم تشهد له بالنبوة والرسالة، ومحمَّدٌ ﷺ شهدَ له البعيرُ النَّادُّ بالرسالة، وشكا إليه ما يلقَى من أهله، من أنهم يُجيعونه ويُريدون ذبحَه، ثم ساقَ الحديث (٣) بذلك كما قدَّمنا في دلائل النبوة بطرقه وألفاظه وغُرَرِه بما أغنى عن إعادته هاهنا، وهو في الصَّحاح والحِسان والمسانيد، وقد ذكرنا مع ذلك حديثَ الغزالة (٤) ، وحديثَ الضَّبِّ (٥) ، وشهادتَهما له ﷺ بالرسالة، كما تقدَّم التنبيه على ذلك والكلام فيه، وثبتَ الحديث في الصحيح (٦) بتسليم الحجر عليه قبل أن يُبعثَ، وكذلك سلامُ الأشجار والأحجار والمدر عليه قبل أن يُبعثَ ﷺ .
(١) رواه الطبري في التفسير (١٠/ ٢٦٣) وذكره الحافظ ابن كثير في تفسيره (٣/ ٥٨١) والسيوطي في الدر المنثور (٥٧٣). (٢) رواه أحمد في المسند (١/ ٢٢٨) والبخاري في الاستسقاء (١٠٣٥) ومسلم في صلاة الاستسقاء (٤٠٠) (١٧). (٣) سبق تخريجه. (٤) سبق تخريجه. (٥) سبق تخريجه. (٦) سبق تخريجه.

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