Another report that points in the same direction is the ḥadīth which states, “The miqāt for the people of Syria and the people of Yemen…,” recorded by both al-Bukhārī and Muslim (1); Muslim alone adds the wording, “and the miqāt for the people of Iraq” (2).

The following ḥadīth also corroborates this:

“When Kisra perishes, there will be no Kisra after him; and when Caesar perishes, there will be no Caesar after him. By Him in whose hand is my soul, the treasures of both of them will most certainly be spent in the path of Allah.” (3)

Al-Bukhārī relates—through Abū Idrīs al-Khawlānī, from ʿAwf ibn Mālik—that during the expedition of Tabūk the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:

“Count six events that will take place before the Hour….”

He then mentioned: his own death ﷺ, the conquest of Jerusalem, a widespread plague, an abundance of wealth, a tribulation (fitnah), and a truce between the Muslims and the Romans. (4) The full report will be cited later.

Muslim records—through ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Shumāsah, from Abū Dharr—that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:

“You will soon conquer a land where the qīrāṭ is spoken of. Treat its people well, for they possess both a covenant (dhimmah) and a bond of kinship (raḥim). When you see two men disputing over a single brick there, then leave that land.” (5)

Abū Dharr continued: “I later passed by Rabīʿah and ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, the two sons of Shurahbīl ibn Ḥasana, quarreling over a brick, so I left.” He was referring to the territories of Egypt, which were opened—by Allah’s grace—at the hands of ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ in the year 20 AH, as will be detailed below.

Ibn Wahb transmits—from Mālik and al-Layth, from al-Zuhrī, from the son of Kaʿb ibn Mālik—that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:

“When you conquer Egypt, treat the Copts well, for they possess a covenant and a kin-relationship with you.” (7)

Al-Bayhaqī likewise records it through Isḥāq ibn Rāshid (8), from al-Zuhrī, from ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Kaʿb ibn