Al-Bidayah wa an-Nihayah - Ibn Kathir - (1/205)

Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

Umayyah.

Our shaykh said: It is possible that he erred in attributing it to the Prophet, and that it is in fact a statement of ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAmr concerning his two mounts (1), and Allah knows best.

I say: Yet the preceding mursal report and Jābir’s ḥadīth both serve as supporting evidence for it (2), and Allah knows best.

The Almighty says:

“So he turned away from them and said, ‘O my people, I have surely conveyed to you the message of my Lord and given you sincere counsel, but you do not care for those who offer counsel.’” (al-Aʿrāf 7:79)

This verse relates that Ṣāliḥ, peace be upon him, addressed his people after their destruction as he was leaving their dwellings for another place. He said to them:

“O my people, I have surely conveyed to you the message of my Lord and given you sincere counsel” (al-Aʿrāf 7:79)—meaning, I exerted every effort to guide you, striving for your salvation through my words, deeds, and intentions—“but you do not care for those who offer counsel” (al-Aʿrāf 7:79), that is, your very nature would neither accept nor desire the truth. Hence you have reached the torment you now suffer—an ongoing, painful punishment that will last for ever. I have no power to help you or ward it off. What was incumbent upon me—delivering the message and advising you—I have fulfilled and presented to you, but Allah does what He wills.

Likewise, the Prophet ﷺ addressed the people of the well of Badr three nights after the battle. He stood over them, mounted on his camel and having ordered the departure at the end of the night, and said:

“O people of the well! Have you found true what your Lord promised you? For I have found true what my Lord promised me.”

Among the things he said to them were:

“What a wretched clan you proved to be toward your Prophet! You called me a liar while others believed me, you expelled me while others sheltered me, you fought me while others supported me—what a wretched clan you were toward your Prophet!”

ʿUmar said, “O Messenger of Allah, are you speaking to bodies that have decayed?” He replied,

“By Him in Whose hand is my soul, you hear no better than they do what I am saying, but they cannot answer.” (3)

Its full discussion will come in its proper place, God willing.

It is also said that Ṣāliḥ, peace be upon him, moved to Allah’s Sacred Precinct and remained there until he died.

Imām Aḥmad related (4): Wakiʿ told us, Zamʿah ibn Ṣāliḥ told us, from Salamah ibn Wuhrām, from ʿIkrimah, from Ibn ʿAbbās, who said:

When the Prophet ﷺ passed through the valley of ʿUsfān during the Farewell Pilgrimage, he said:

“O Abū Bakr, what valley is this?”

He replied, “The valley of ʿUsfān.”

He said:

“Ḥūd and Ṣāliḥ, peace be upon them, once passed through it on camels with halters of palm-fiber, their lower garments were coarse cloaks and their mantles striped wool, reciting the talbiyah and performing pilgrimage to this Ancient House.”

Its chain of transmission is ḥasan. (5)

(1) Zamaltayhi: from al-zāmila – the support on which camels and other beasts of burden are loaded. (2) Ibn Kathir’s remark here is missing in Manuscript A but retained in Manuscript B. (3) Al-Haythami cites it in Majmaʿ al-Zawāʾid (6/91) under the report of ʿAbd Allah ibn Masʿūd, stating that al-Tabarani narrated it and that its narrators are those of the Ṣaḥīḥ collections. (4) In al-Musnad (1/232). (5) I note that it includes Zumʿa ibn Ṣāliḥ, whom al-Ḥafiz classifies as weak in al-Taqrib.

أمية. قال شيخنا: فيحتمل أنه وَهم في رفعه، وإنما يكون من كلام عبد اللَّه بن عمرو عن زاملتيه (١) ، واللَّه أعلم. قلتُ: لكن في المرسل الذي قبلَه، وفي حديثِ جابر أيضًا شاهدٌ له (٢) ، واللَّه أعلم. وقوله تعالى: ﴿فَتَوَلَّى عَنْهُمْ وَقَالَ يَاقَوْمِ لَقَدْ أَبْلَغْتُكُمْ رِسَالَةَ رَبِّي وَنَصَحْتُ لَكُمْ وَلَكِنْ لَا تُحِبُّونَ النَّاصِحِينَ﴾ [الأعرافْ ٧٩] إخبارٌ عن صالح (عليه السلام) أنَّه خاطبَ قومه بعد هَلاكهم، وقد أخذ في الذَّهَاب عن محلَّتهم إلى غيرها، قائلًا لهم: ﴿يَاقَوْمِ لَقَدْ أَبْلَغْتُكُمْ رِسَالَةَ رَبِّي وَنَصَحْتُ لَكُمْ﴾ [الأعراف: ٧٩] : أي جهدت في هدايتكم بكل ما أمكنني وحرصت على ذلك بقولي وفعلي ونيتي ﴿وَلَكِنْ لَا تُحِبُّونَ النَّاصِحِينَ﴾ [الأعراف: ٧٩] أي: لم تكن سجاياكُم تَقْبَلُ الحق ولا تُريده، فلهذا صرتُم إلى ما أنتم فيه من العذاب الأليم المستمرّ بكم، المتصل إلى الأبد، وليس لي فيكم حيلة، ولا لي بالدفع عنكم يدان، والذي وجبَ عليّ من أداء الرسالة والنُّصْح لكم قد فعلتُه وبذلتُه لكم، ولكنَّ اللَّه يفعلُ ما يريد. وهكذا خاطبَ النبيُّ ﷺ أهل قَلِيْبِ بَدْرٍ بعد ثلاث ليالٍ، وقف عليهم، وقد ركبَ راحلتَه، وأمر بالرحيل من آخر الليل، فقال: "يا أهلَ القَليب! هل وجدتُم ما وعدَكم ربُّكم حَقًّا، فإني قد وجدتُ ما وَعدني ربِّي حقًا" وقال لهم فيما قال: "بئسَ عشيرةُ النبيِّ كُنتم لنبيِّكم، كذَّبتمُوني وصدَّقني النَّاسُ، وأخرجتموني وآواني النَّاسُ، وقاتلتمُوني ونَصرني النَّاسُ، فبئس عشيرةُ النبيِّ كنتُم لنبيِّكم" فقال له عمر: يا رسول اللَّه! تخاطبُ أقوامًا قد جيفوا؟ فقال: "والذي نفسي بيده ما أنتم بأسمع لما أقول منهم ولكنهم لا يُجيبون" (٣) . وسيأتي بيانُه في موضعه إن شاء اللَّه. ويُقال: إنَّ صالحًا (عليه السلام) انتقلَ إلى حَرَمِ اللَّه فأقامَ به حتَّى ماتَ. قال الإمام أحمد (٤) : حدَّثنا وكيع، حدَّثنا زمعة بن صالح، عن سلمة بن وهرام، عن عكرمة، عن ابن عباس، قال: لما مرَّ النبيُّ ﷺ بوادي عُسْفان حينَ حجَّ، قال: "يا أبا بكر! أيّ وادٍ هذا؟ قال: وادي عُسْفان. قال: " لقد مرَّ به هودٌ وصالحٌ (رحمه الله) على بكرات خُطُمُها اللِّيف، أُزُرُهم العباء، وأرديتهم النِّمار، يُلَبُّون، يَحُجُّونَ البيتَ العتيق". إسناد حسن (٥) .

(١) زاملتيْه: الزاملة: ما يُحمل عليه من الإبل وغيرها. (٢) قول ابن كثير هذا سقط من أ، وأثبته من ب. (٣) ذكره الهيثمي في المجمع (٦/ ٩١) من حديث عبد اللَّه بن مسعود وقال: رواه الطبراني، ورجاله رجال الصحيح. (٤) في المسند (١/ ٢٣٢). (٥) أقول: فيه زمعة بن صالح ضعيف، كما قال الحافظ في "التقريب".