Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

In another of his versions from the same narrator:

“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ never ate on a dining table, nor from a fine serving bowl, nor was thinly refined bread ever baked for him.”

I said to Anas, “Then on what did they eat?”
He replied, “On the sufrah mats.”

He also transmits—through Qatādah, from Anas—that he once went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with barley bread and rancid fat. Indeed, the Prophet had pawned his coat of mail to a Jew and obtained some barley for his family, and I once heard him say, “The household of Muḥammad did not end the day possessing a single sāʿ of dates nor a single sāʿ of grain.”(1)

Imām Aḥmad said(2): ʿAffān related to us; Abān ibn Yazīd related to us; Qatādah related to us, from Anas ibn Mālik: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ never had both lunch and supper of bread and meat on the same day except when food was being served communally. Al-Tirmidhī likewise narrated it in al-Shamāʾil(3) through ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Dārmī from ʿAffān, and this chain meets the criteria of the two Shaykhs.

Abū Dāwūd al-Ṭayālisī said(4): Shuʿbah narrated to us, from Simāk ibn Ḥarb. I heard al-Nuʿmān ibn Bashīr say: I heard ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb delivering a sermon in which he spoke of the conquests Allah had granted the people, and he said, “I have seen the Messenger of Allah ﷺ writhing from hunger, unable to find even the lowest-quality dates with which to fill his stomach.” Muslim also recorded it(5) through Shuʿbah’s narration.

It is authentically reported that Abū Ṭalḥah said, “O Umm Sulaym, I have heard the voice of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and I could recognize hunger in it.”(6) The full report will appear later under the proofs of Prophethood.

In the story of Abū al-Haytham ibn al-Tayyihān: Abū Bakr and ʿUmar went out because of hunger. While they were in that state, the Messenger of Allah came out and asked, “What has brought you two out?” They replied, “Hunger.” He said, “By Him in whose hand is my soul, the very thing that has brought you out has brought me out as well.” They then went to the orchard of Abū al-Haytham ibn al-Tayyihān, who offered them fresh dates and slaughtered a sheep for them. They ate and drank cool water, whereupon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “This is among the blessings about which you will be questioned.”(7)

(1) Narrated by al-Bukhari in his Sahih (no. 2069), in the chapter on Sales. “Ihalah” refers to the fat used for daily meals, and “sunkha” denotes something with a changing odor. (2) In the Musnad (vol. 3, p. 270). (3) In al-Tirmidhi’s al-Shama’il (no. 376), chapter “What Has Been Reported on the Lifestyle of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.” “Dhaffaf” refers to many hands reaching into the food; others explain it as taking more than one’s share. (4) In his Musnad (no. 57). (5) In Muslim’s Sahih (no. 2976), in the chapter on Asceticism. “Daqqal” denotes inferior dates. (6) Narrated by al-Bukhari in his Sahih (no. 3587), in the chapter on Virtues. (7) Narrated by Muslim (no. 2038), in the chapter on Drinks.
وفي رواية له عنه أيضًا: ما أكلَ رسولُ الله ﷺ على خوان، ولا فى سكرجة، ولا خُبِزَ له مرقق، فقلت لأنس: فعلى ما كانوا يأكلون؟ قال: على السُّفَر. وله من حديث قتادة أيضًا، عن أنس؛ أنه مشى إلى رسول اللّه ﷺ بخبز شعير وإهَالةٍ سَنِخَة، ولقد رهن درعَه من يهودي، فأخذ لأهله شعيرًا، ولقد سمعته ذات يوم يقول: ما أمسى عند آل محمد صاع ثمر ولا صاع حدب (١) . وقال الإمام أحمد (٢) : حَدَّثنا عفان، حدَّثنا أبان بن يزيد، حدَّثنا قتادة، عن أنس بن مالك، أن رسول اللّه ﷺ لم يجتمع له غداء ولا عشاء من خبز ولحم إلا على ضَفَفٍ. ورواه الترمذي في "الشمائل" (٣) عن عبد الله بن عبد الرحمن الدارمي، عن عفان. وهذا الإسناد على شرط الشيخين. وقال أبو داود الطيالسي (٤) : حدَّثنا شعبة، عن سماك بن حرب، سمعت النعمان بن بشير يقول: سمعت عمر بن الخطاب يخطب، فذكر ما فتح اللّه على الناس، فقال: لقد رأيتُ رسولَ اللّه ﷺ يتلوَّى من الجوع، ما يجد من الدقل ما يملأُ بطنه. وأخرجه مسلم (٥) من حديث شعبة. وفي الصحيح أن أبا طلحة قال: يا أم سليم، لقد سمعت صوت رسول اللّه ﷺ أعرف فيه الجوع (٦) … وسيأتي الحديث في دلائل النبوة. وفي قصة أبي الهيثم بن التَّيِّهان: أن أبا بكر وعمر خرجا من الجوع، فبينما هما كذلك إذ خرج رسول الله، فقال: "ما أخرجكما؟ " فقالا: الجوع، فقال: "والذي نفسي بيده لقد أخرجني الذي أخرجكما" فذهبوا إلى حديقة أبي الهيثم بن التَّيِّهان، فأطعمهم رطبًا، وذبح لهم شاة، فأكلوا وشربوا الماء البارد، وقال رسول اللّه ﷺ : "هذا من النعيم الذي تُسألون عنه" (٧) .
(١) رواه البخاري في صحيحه رقم (٢٠٦٩) في البيوع. و "الإهالة": الدهن الذي يُؤتدم به. و"السنخة": المتغيرة الرائحة. (٢) في المسند (٣/ ٢٧٠). (٣) الترمذي في الشمائل رقم (٣٧٦) باب ما جاء في عيش رسول اللّه ﷺ . و"الضفف": كثرة الأيدي على الطعام، وقيل: الأكَلَة أكثر من الطعام. (٤) مسنده (٥٧). (٥) مسلم في صحيحه: رقم (٢٩٧٦) في الزهد. و"الدَّقل": التمر الرديء. (٦) رواه البخاري في صحيحه رقم (٣٥٨٧) في المناقب. (٧) رواه مسلم رقم (٢٠٣٨) في الأشربة.

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