Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

“Does he promise you that, after you die and become dust and bones, you will be brought forth again? (35)
Far, far away is what you are promised! (36)
There is only our life in this world: we die and we live, and we shall never be resurrected. (37)
He is only a man who has fabricated a lie against Allah, and we will never believe in him.’ (38)
He said, ‘My Lord, help me, for they have called me a liar.’ (39)
He said, ‘In a little while they will surely be full of regret.’ (40)
So the Blast struck them in truth, and We made them like scum swept away; so away with the wrongdoing people! (41)”
[al-Mu’minūn 23:35-41]

And in Sūrat al-Shuʿarāʾ, after the story of Noah, the Exalted says:

“ʿĀd denied the messengers, (123)
when their brother Hūd said to them, ‘Will you not be mindful? (124)
I am to you a trustworthy messenger, (125)
so fear Allah and obey me. (126)
I ask you for no wage for this; my reward rests only with the Lord of the worlds. (127)
Do you build on every high place a monument, playing about, (128)
and take for yourselves fortresses so that you might live forever? (129)
When you strike, you strike like tyrants. (130)
So fear Allah and obey me. (131)
Fear Him who has supplied you with what you know: (132)
He has supplied you with livestock and children, (133)
and gardens and springs. (134)
Indeed, I fear for you the punishment of a tremendous Day.’ (135)
They said, ‘It is all the same to us whether you preach or are not among the preachers; (136)
this is nothing but the habit of the ancients, (137)
and we shall never be punished.’ (138)
So they rejected him, and We destroyed them. Surely in that is a sign, yet most of them were not believers, (139)
and indeed your Lord is the All-Mighty, the All-Merciful. (140)”
[al-Shuʿarāʾ 26:123-140]

He, Most High, also says in Sūrat Ḥā-Mīm al-Sajdah:

“As for ʿĀd, they waxed arrogant in the land without right and said, ‘Who is mightier than us in power?’ Did they not see that Allah, who created them, is mightier than they in power? Yet they continued to reject Our signs. (15)
So We sent upon them a piercing wind on disastrous days, that We might make them taste the punishment of disgrace in the life of this world; and the punishment of the Hereafter will be even more degrading, and they will not be helped. (16)”
[Fussilat 41:15-16]

And the Most High says in Sūrat al-Aḥqāf:

“Remember the brother of ʿĀd, when he warned his people among the sand-hills—and warners had passed before him and after him—saying, ‘Worship none but Allah. I truly fear for you the punishment of a tremendous Day.’ (21)
They said, ‘Have you come to turn us away from our gods? Then bring us what you threaten us with, if you are among the truthful.’ (22)
He said, ‘Knowledge rests only with Allah. I convey to you what I have been sent with, but I see you are a people who act ignorantly. (23)
Then, when they saw it as a cloud advancing toward their valleys, they said, “This cloud will bring us rain.” No, it is what you sought to hasten: a wind containing painful punishment, (24)
destroying everything by command of its Lord.’ Morning found them so that nothing could be seen except their dwellings. Thus do We recompense guilty people. (25)”
[al-Aḥqāf 46:21-25]

The Most High also says in Sūrat adh-Dhāriyāt:

“And in ʿĀd [was a sign] when We sent against them the barren wind: (41)
it left nothing it touched without reducing it to decayed ruins. (42)”
[adh-Dhāriyāt 51:41-42]

And He says in Sūrat an-Najm:

“and that He destroyed the former ʿĀd, (50)
and Thamūd—He spared none of them— (51)
and the people of Noah before; they were even more unjust and more rebellious, (52)
and the overturned cities He hurled down. (53)”
[an-Najm 53:50-53]

And in Sūrat al-Qamar:

“ʿĀd denied [their prophet]; so how terrible were My punishment and warnings! (18)
We unleashed upon them a screaming wind on a day of relentless calamity, (19)
tearing people away as though they were trunks of uprooted palm-trees. (20)
So how terrible were My punishment and warnings! (21)
Indeed, We have made the Qur’an easy to remember; so is there anyone who will take heed? (22)”
[al-Qamar 54:18-22]

And in Sūrat al-Ḥāqqah:

“As for ʿĀd, they were annihilated by a furious, roaring wind, (6)
which He unleashed against them for seven nights and eight consecutive days, so that you could see the people laid out lifeless, as though they were hollow trunks of palm-trees. (7)
Do you see any remnant of them? (8)”
[al-Ḥāqqah 69:6-8]

And in Sūrat al-Fajr:

“Have you not seen how your Lord dealt with ʿĀd, (6)
Iram of the lofty pillars, (7)
the like of whom had never been created in the lands, (8)
and with Thamūd, who hollowed out the rock in the valley, (9)
and with Pharaoh, lord of the stakes— (10)
all of whom transgressed in the lands (11)
and spread therein corruption in abundance; (12)
so your Lord poured upon them a scourge of punishment. (13)
Indeed, your Lord is ever watchful. (14)”
[al-Fajr 89:6-14]

We have discussed each of these narratives in its proper place within our Tafsīr; all praise and favour belong to Allah.

ʿĀd are also mentioned in Sūrat al-Tawbah, Ibrāhīm, al-Furqān, al-ʿAnkabūt, as well as in Sūrat Ṣād and Sūrat Qāf. Let us now present the substance of the story by bringing these passages together and adding the relevant reports.

مِتُّمْ وَكُنْتُمْ تُرَابًا وَعِظَامًا أَنَّكُمْ مُخْرَجُونَ (٣٥) هَيْهَاتَ هَيْهَاتَ لِمَا تُوعَدُونَ (٣٦) إِنْ هِيَ إِلَّا حَيَاتُنَا الدُّنْيَا نَمُوتُ وَنَحْيَا وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمَبْعُوثِينَ (٣٧) إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ افْتَرَى عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا وَمَا نَحْنُ لَهُ بِمُؤْمِنِينَ (٣٨) قَالَ رَبِّ انْصُرْنِي بِمَا كَذَّبُونِ (٣٩) قَالَ عَمَّا قَلِيلٍ لَيُصْبِحُنَّ نَادِمِينَ (٤٠) فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الصَّيْحَةُ بِالْحَقِّ فَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ غُثَاءً فَبُعْدًا لِلْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ﴾ [المؤمنون: ٣١ - ٤١] . وقال تعالى في سورة الشعراء بعد قصة نوح أيضًا: ﴿كَذَّبَتْ عَادٌ الْمُرْسَلِينَ (١٢٣) إِذْ قَالَ لَهُمْ أَخُوهُمْ هُودٌ أَلَا تَتَّقُونَ (١٢٤) إِنِّي لَكُمْ رَسُولٌ أَمِينٌ (١٢٥) فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ (١٢٦) وَمَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَجْرٍ إِنْ أَجْرِيَ إِلَّا عَلَى رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ (١٢٧) أَتَبْنُونَ بِكُلِّ رِيعٍ آيَةً تَعْبَثُونَ (١٢٨) وَتَتَّخِذُونَ مَصَانِعَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَخْلُدُونَ (١٢٩) وَإِذَا بَطَشْتُمْ بَطَشْتُمْ جَبَّارِينَ (١٣٠) فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ (١٣١) وَاتَّقُوا الَّذِي أَمَدَّكُمْ بِمَا تَعْلَمُونَ (١٣٢) أَمَدَّكُمْ بِأَنْعَامٍ وَبَنِينَ (١٣٣) وَجَنَّاتٍ وَعُيُونٍ (١٣٤) إِنِّي أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ (١٣٥) قَالُوا سَوَاءٌ عَلَيْنَا أَوَعَظْتَ أَمْ لَمْ تَكُنْ مِنَ الْوَاعِظِينَ (١٣٦) إِنْ هَذَا إِلَّا خُلُقُ الْأَوَّلِينَ (١٣٧) وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمُعَذَّبِينَ (١٣٨) فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَأَهْلَكْنَاهُمْ إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَةً وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ (١٣٩) وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ﴾ [الشعراء: ١٢٣ - ١٤٠] . وقال تعالى في سورة حَم السجدة ﴿فَأَمَّا عَادٌ فَاسْتَكْبَرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ وَقَالُوا مَنْ أَشَدُّ مِنَّا قُوَّةً أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا أَنَّ اللَّهَ الَّذِي خَلَقَهُمْ هُوَ أَشَدُّ مِنْهُمْ قُوَّةً وَكَانُوا بِآيَاتِنَا يَجْحَدُونَ (١٥) فَأَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ رِيحًا صَرْصَرًا فِي أَيَّامٍ نَحِسَاتٍ لِنُذِيقَهُمْ عَذَابَ الْخِزْيِ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَلَعَذَابُ الْآخِرَةِ أَخْزَى وَهُمْ لَا يُنْصَرُونَ﴾ [فصلت: ١٥ - ١٦] وقال تعالى في سورة الأحقاف: ﴿وَاذْكُرْ أَخَا عَادٍ إِذْ أَنْذَرَ قَوْمَهُ بِالْأَحْقَافِ وَقَدْ خَلَتِ النُّذُرُ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِ أَلَّا تَعْبُدُوا إِلَّا اللَّهَ إِنِّي أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ (٢١) قَالُوا أَجِئْتَنَا لِتَأْفِكَنَا عَنْ آلِهَتِنَا فَأْتِنَا بِمَا تَعِدُنَا إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ (٢٢) قَالَ إِنَّمَا الْعِلْمُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَأُبَلِّغُكُمْ مَا أُرْسِلْتُ بِهِ وَلَكِنِّي أَرَاكُمْ قَوْمًا تَجْهَلُونَ (٢٣) فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ عَارِضًا مُسْتَقْبِلَ أَوْدِيَتِهِمْ قَالُوا هَذَا عَارِضٌ مُمْطِرُنَا بَلْ هُوَ مَا اسْتَعْجَلْتُمْ بِهِ رِيحٌ فِيهَا عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ (٢٤) تُدَمِّرُ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ بِأَمْرِ رَبِّهَا فَأَصْبَحُوا لَا يُرَى إِلَّا مَسَاكِنُهُمْ كَذَلِكَ نَجْزِي الْقَوْمَ الْمُجْرِمِينَ﴾ [الأحقاف: ٢١ - ٢٥] وقال تعالى في الذاريات: ﴿وَفِي عَادٍ إِذْ أَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ الرِّيحَ الْعَقِيمَ (٤١) مَا تَذَرُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ أَتَتْ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا جَعَلَتْهُ كَالرَّمِيمِ﴾ [الذاريات: ٤١ - ٤٢] وقال تعالى في النجم: ﴿وَأَنَّهُ أَهْلَكَ عَادًا الْأُولَى (٥٠) وَثَمُودَ فَمَا أَبْقَى (٥١) وَقَوْمَ نُوحٍ مِنْ قَبْلُ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا هُمْ أَظْلَمَ وَأَطْغَى (٥٢) وَالْمُؤْتَفِكَةَ أَهْوَى﴾ [النجم: ٥٠ - ٥٣] وقال تعالى في سورة اقتربت: ﴿كَذَّبَتْ عَادٌ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ (١٨) إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ رِيحًا صَرْصَرًا فِي يَوْمِ نَحْسٍ مُسْتَمِرٍّ (١٩) تَنْزِعُ النَّاسَ كَأَنَّهُمْ أَعْجَازُ نَخْلٍ مُنْقَعِرٍ (٢٠) فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ (٢١) وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْنَا الْقُرْآنَ لِلذِّكْرِ فَهَلْ مِنْ مُدَّكِرٍ﴾ [القمر: ١٨ - ٢٢] وقال في الحاقة: ﴿وَأَمَّا عَادٌ فَأُهْلِكُوا بِرِيحٍ صَرْصَرٍ عَاتِيَةٍ (٦) سَخَّرَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ سَبْعَ لَيَالٍ وَثَمَانِيَةَ أَيَّامٍ حُسُومًا فَتَرَى الْقَوْمَ فِيهَا صَرْعَى كَأَنَّهُمْ أَعْجَازُ نَخْلٍ خَاوِيَةٍ (٧) فَهَلْ تَرَى لَهُمْ مِنْ بَاقِيَةٍ﴾ [الحاقة: ٦ - ٨] وقال في سورة الفجر: ﴿أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِعَادٍ (٦) إِرَمَ ذَاتِ الْعِمَادِ (٧) الَّتِي لَمْ يُخْلَقْ مِثْلُهَا فِي الْبِلَادِ (٨) وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ (٩) وَفِرْعَوْنَ ذِي الْأَوْتَادِ (١٠) الَّذِينَ طَغَوْا فِي الْبِلَادِ (١١) فَأَكْثَرُوا فِيهَا الْفَسَادَ (١٢) فَصَبَّ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّكَ سَوْطَ عَذَابٍ (١٣) إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَبِالْمِرْصَادِ﴾ [الفجر: ٦ - ١٤] . وقد تكلَّمنا على كلٍّ من هذه القصص في أماكنها من كتابنا التفسير، وللَّه الحمد والمنة. وقد جرى ذكر عاد في سورة براءة، وإبراهيم، والفرقان، والعنكبوت، وفي سورة (ص) ، وفي سورة (ق) ، ولنذكر مضمون القِصَّة مجموعًا من هذه السياقات، مع ما يُضاف إلى ذلك من الأخبار.

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