Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

When Abū Bakr was chosen as caliph, a signet was engraved for him. Its inscription was set out in three lines:

“Muhammad”
—one line—
“Messenger”
—second line—
“Allah”
—third line.

Abū ʿAbd Allāh (1) said: Aḥmad (2) further related to me—al-Anṣārī narrated to us, my father told me, from Thumāmah, from Anas—who said:

“The Prophet’s ﷺ ring remained in his hand, then in the hand of Abū Bakr after him (3), and then in the hand of ʿUmar after Abū Bakr.

“When ʿUthmān’s turn came, he was sitting by the well of Aris. He pulled out the ring and began fiddling with it until it slipped and fell in. We stayed with ʿUthmān for three days, drawing up the water of the well, but we could not find it.”

As for the report transmitted by al-Tirmidhī in al-Shamāʾil (4)—related by Qutaybah, from Abū ʿAwanah, from Abū Bishr, from Nāfiʿ, from Ibn ʿUmar—that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ fashioned a silver ring which he used only for sealing and did not wear, it is an exceedingly isolated (gharīb) ḥadīth.

In the Sunan collections (5) there is also a report from Ibn Jurayj, through al-Zuhrī, from Anas, who said: “Whenever the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered the privy he would remove his ring.”

Mention of His Sword ﷺ

Imām Aḥmad (6) said: Suraij (7) narrated to us; Ibn Abī Zinād narrated to us, from his father, from the blind man ʿUbayd Allāh ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUtbah ibn Masʿūd, from Ibn ʿAbbās, who said:

“On the Day of Badr the Messenger of Allah ﷺ took his sword Dhu’l-Faqār as an extra share of booty for himself. It was with that very sword that he received a vision on the Day of Uḥud. He said: ‘I saw a crack in my sword Dhu’l-Faqār, and I interpreted it as a breach that will occur among you. I saw myself riding behind a ram, and I interpreted it as the ram—the leader—of the battalion. I saw myself in a strong coat of mail, and I interpreted it as Madinah. I saw cows being slaughtered, and—by Allah—cows signify good, cows signify good.’ Events unfolded exactly as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had foretold.”

Al-Tirmidhī and Ibn Mājah (8) also recorded this narration through ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Abī Zinād from his father.

(1) al-Bukhari (no. 5879). (2) In the edition (tabaʿ): “and Abu Ahmad added.” (3) This phrasing does not appear in the edition. (4) Ash-Shama’il of al-Tirmidhi (no. 85). (5) Sunan Abu Dawud (no. 19), Sunan al-Tirmidhi (no. 1746), Sunan al-Nasai (no. 5228), and Sunan Ibn Majah (no. 303); it is a weak (daif) hadith. (6) Musnad Ahmad (vol. 1, p. 271). (7) In both manuscript A and the published edition, the reading “Shurayh” is corrupt. See Siyar A‘lam an-Nubala (vol. 10, p. 219). (8) Their isnad was cited above.
أنَّ أبا بكر لما استُخْلِف كَتَب له، وكان نقشُ الخاتَم ثلاثةَ أسْطرٍ: "محمد" سطرٌ. و "رسول" سطرٌ. و "الله" سطرٌ. قال أبو عبد الله (١) : وزادني (٢) أحمد: ثنا الأنصاري، حدّثني أبي، عن ثمامة، عن أنس، قال: كان خاتَمُ النبيّ ﷺ في يده، وفي يد أبي بكر بعده (٣) ، وفي يد عمر بعد أبي بكر. قال: فلما كان عثمانُ جَلَسَ على بئر أريس، فأخرج الخاتَمَ، فجعل يَعْبَثُ به فَسَقَطَ، قال: فاختَلَفْنا ثلاثةَ أيامٍ مع عثمان، فَنَزَح البِئْرَ فلم نَجِدْهُ. فأما الحديث الذي رواه الترمذي في "الشمائل" (٤) ، ثنا قُتَيْبَة، ثنا أبو عَوانة، عن أبي بشرٍ، عن نافع، عن ابن عمر: أن رسول الله ﷺ ، اتَّخَذَ خاتمًا من فضة، فكان يَخْتِمُ به ولا يَلْبسه. فإنه حديثٌ غريبٌ جدًا. وفيِ السنن (٥) من حديث ابن جُرَيْج، عن الزُّهْري، عن أنسٍ، قال: كان رسول الله ﷺ إذا دَخَل الخَلاءَ نزَعَ خاتَمَهُ. ذكر سَيْفِهِ (رحمهم الله) قال الإمام أحمد (٦) : ثنا سُرَيْج (٧) ، ثنا ابن أبي الزِّناد، عن أبيه، عن الأعْمَى عُبَيْد الله بن عبد الله بن عُتْبَة بن مسعود، عن ابن عبّاس قال: تَنَفَّل رسولُ الله ﷺ سيفَه ذا الفقار يوم بدر، وهو الذي رأى الرُّؤْيا يومَ أُحُد، قال: رأيتُ في سيفي ذي الفقار، فَلًّا، فأوّلْتُه فَلًّا يكونُ فيكم، ورأيتُ أنّي مُرْدفٌ كَبْشًا، فأوَّلْتُه كبشَ الكَتيبة، ورأيتُ أنّي في دِرْعٍ حَصينةٍ، فأوَّلْتها المدينةَ، ورأيتُ بَقَرًا تُذْبَحُ، فَبَقر والله خيرٌ فَبَقرٌ والله خَيْرٌ، فكان الذي قال رسول الله ﷺ . وقد رواه الترمذي وابن ماجه (٨) من حديث عبد الرحمن بن أبي الزِّناد عن أبيه به.
(١) البخاري (٥٨٧٩). (٢) ط: (وزاد أبو أحمد). (٣) ليس اللفظ في ط. (٤) الشمائل للترمذي (٨٥). (٥) أبو داود (١٩) والترمذي (١٧٤٦) والنسائي (٥٢٢٨) وابن ماجه (٣٠٣)، وهو حديث ضعيف. (٦) مسند أحمد (١/ ٢٧١). (٧) أ، ط: (شريح) تحريف. وانظر سير أعلام النبلاء (١٠/ ٢١٩). (٨) تقدم تخريجهما.

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