Al-ʿIlbāʾ ibn Aḥmar related, through ʿIkrimah from Ibn ʿAbbās, that:
Eighty men accompanied Noah on the Ark together with their families. They remained aboard for one hundred and fifty days. God then steered the vessel toward Mecca, where it circled the Sacred House for forty days, after which He directed it to Mount al-Jūdiyy and there it came to rest. Noah—peace be upon him—sent out the raven to bring news of the land, but the bird settled on carrion and tarried. He therefore released the dove, which returned with an olive leaf in its beak and its feet stained with mud; Noah understood that the waters had receded. He descended to the foot of al-Jūdiyy, built a settlement there, and named it Thamānīn (“Eighty”). One morning they awoke to find their tongues confused into eighty languages, one of them Arabic, so that some could no longer understand the speech of others; Noah, peace be upon him, interpreted for them.
Qatādah and others said: They boarded the Ark on the tenth day of Rajab, sailed for one hundred and fifty days, and the Ark remained upon al-Jūdiyy for a month. They disembarked on the Day of ʿĀshūrāʾ in Muḥarram.
Ibn Jarīr transmitted a Prophetic report that agrees with this chronology, adding that they fasted on that very day.
Imām Aḥmad narrated: Abū Jaʿfar told us, ʿAbd al-Ṣamad ibn Ḥabīb al-Azdī informed us, from his father Ḥabīb ibn ʿAbd Allāh, from Shubayl, from Abū Hurayrah, who said:
The Prophet passed by a group of Jews who were fasting on the Day of ʿĀshūrāʾ and asked, “What fast is this?” They replied, “It is the day on which God saved Moses and the Children of Israel from drowning and drowned Pharaoh; it is also the day on which the Ark came to rest upon al-Jūdiyy. Noah and Moses, peace be upon them, fasted on it in gratitude to God.” The Prophet said, “I have a greater claim to Moses, and to fasting on this day.” He then told his Companions, “Whoever among you began the day fasting, let him complete his fast; and whoever has already eaten from his household’s provisions, let him refrain for the rest of the day.”
This ḥadīth has a corroborating narration in the Ṣaḥīḥ collections from another chain; the unusual element here is the mention of Noah as well—God knows best.
As for what many ignorant people allege—that they ate the remnants of their provisions and some grains they had taken with them