Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

Al-Zubayr transmitted from the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—numerous ḥadith whose enumeration would take too long. When al-Zubayr ibn al-ʿAwwām was slain in Wādī al-Sabāʿ, as mentioned earlier, his wife ʿĀtika bint Zayd ibn ʿAmr ibn Nufayl—may Allah be pleased with them both—lamented him, saying:

Ibn Jurmūz treacherously felled the lion-hearted knight
on the day of encounter, a man who never turned away.
O ʿAmr, had you called him out you would have found him
firm—no trembling heart, no quivering hand.
How many a peril he had waded through undeterred
by your pursuit, O son of Faqʿ al-Qardad!
May your mother lose you if ever you prevail
over another his equal among those who come and go.
By Allah, your Lord, if you have slain a Muslim deliberately,
upon you rests the penalty for willful killing.

Among those Companions was Zayd ibn Thābit ibn al-Ḍaḥḥāk ibn Zayd ibn Lawdhān ibn ʿAmr ibn ʿAbd ibn ʿAwf ibn Ghanm ibn Mālik ibn al-Najjār al-Anṣārī al-Najjārī—Abū Saʿīd; some called him Abū Khārija, others Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān of Madinah.

The Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—arrived in Madinah when Zayd was eleven years old; because of his youth he was absent from Badr, and, it is said, from Uḥud as well. His first battle was the Trench, after which he took part in all subsequent campaigns. He was a memoriser, intelligent, learned, and judicious. Al-Bukhārī records an authentic narration from him that the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—ordered him to learn the script of the Jews so that he could read their letters to the Prophet; Zayd mastered it in just fifteen days.

Imām Aḥmad related: Sulaimān ibn Dāwūd told us, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān narrated from Abū al-Zinād, from Khārija ibn Zayd, that his father Zayd said: When the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—came to Madinah, I was taken to him and he was pleased with me. The people said, “Messenger of Allah, this is a boy from the Banū al-Najjār who has memorised more than ten chapters of what has been revealed to you.” That delighted the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—who then said, “O Zayd, learn for me the script of the Jews, for by Allah I do not trust the Jews…"

(1) In the printed edition: “kam ghamra khadhaha lam yuthnihi anha tarad.” It contains omissions and errors. (2) In the printed edition: “…in tarat bimislihi fima mada fiman…”. It contains two corruptions. (3) In the printed edition: “al-muʿtamad” – a corruption. (4) His biography appears in al-Istiʿāb (vol. 2, p. 537); Tārīkh Dimashq (Sīrah), Majma‘ Dimashq (vol. 2, pp. 335–337); Usd al-Ghābah (vol. 2, p. 278); Siyar A‘lam al-Nubalā’ (vol. 2, p. 426); and al-Iṣābah (vol. 1, pp. 561–562). (5) In the printed edition: “ʿUbayd” – a corruption. (6) In the printed edition: “ahad.” (7) Reference to al-Bukhārī (no. 7195) as a marginal note. (8) Musnad al-Imām Aḥmad (vol. 5, p. 186), which is authenticated as sahīh. (9) Variant reading: “la amin.”
وقد روى الزبير عن رسول اللّه ﷺ أحاديث كثيَرة يَطولُ ذكرها. ولما قُتل الزبيرُ بن العوَّام بوادي السِّباع، كما تقدّم، قالت امرأتُه عاتكةُ بنتُ زيدِ بنِ عمرٍو بن نُفَيْل تَرْثيه (عليه السلام) وعنه: غَدَرَ ابْنُ جُرْموزٍ بفارسِ بُهْمةٍ … يَومَ اللِّقاءِ وكَانَ غَيْرَ مُعَرِّدِ يا عَمْرُو لوْ نَبَّهْتَهُ لَوَجَدْتَهُ … لا طائشًا رَعشَ الجَنان ولا اليَدِ كَمْ غَمْرَةٍ قد خاضَها لمْ يَثْنِهِ … عَنْها طِرادُك (١) يا بنَ فَقْع القَرْدَدِ ثكِلَتْكَ أمُّك إنْ ظَفِرْتَ بمثلِهِ (٢) … فيمن مَضَى مِمَّن يروحُ ويَغْتدي واللّه رَبِّك إنْ قَتلتَ لَمُسلمًا … حَلَّت عَلَيْكَ عُقوبةُ المُتَعَمِّدِ (٣) ومنهم (رضي الله عنها) زَيْدُ بن ثابتٍ (٤) بن الضَّحَّاك بن زَيْد بن لَوذان بن عَمْرو بن عبد (٥) بن عوف بن غَنْم بن مالك بن النّجّار الأنصاري النجاري، أبو سعيد، ويقال: أبو خارجة، ويقال: أبو عبد الرحمن المدني. قدم رسول الله ﷺ المدينة وهو ابن إحدى عشرة سنة، فلهذا لم يَشْهَدْ بَدْرًا لصغره، قيل: ولا أُحُدًا (٦) وأول مشاهده الخندق، ثم شَهِدَ ما بعدها. وكان حافظًا لبيبًا عالمًا عاقلًا، ثبت عنه في "صحيح البخاري" (٧) . أنَّ رسول اللّه ﷺ أمره أن يتعلَّم كتاب يَهود ليقرأه على النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إذا كتبوا إليه، فتعلَّمه في خمسة عشر يومًا. وقد قال الإمام أحمد (٨) : حَدَّثَنَا سليمان بن داود، ثنا عبد الرحمن، عن أبي الزِّناد، عن خارجة بن زيد: أنّ أباه زيدًا أخبره أنه لما قدم رسولُ الله ﷺ المدينة قال زيد: ذُهب بي إلى رسول الله ﷺ فأُعْجب بي، فقالوا: يا رسولَ اللّه، هذا غلامٌ من بني النَّجار، معه مما أنزل اللّهُ عليك بضعَ عشرةَ سورةً، فأَعْجَبَ ذلك رسولَ اللّه ﷺ وقال: "يا زيدُ تَعَلَّمْ لي كتابَ يهود، فإنِّي والله، ما آمَنْ (٩) يَهودَ على
(١) ط: (كم غمرة خاضها لم يثنيه * عنها طراد) فيها نقص وخطأ. (٢) ط: ( … إن طرت بمثله * فيم مضى فيمن … ) منها تحريفان. (٣) ط: (المعتمد) تحريف. (٤) ترجمته في الاستيعاب (٢/ ٥٣٧)، وتاريخ دمشق - السيرة - مجمع دمشق (٢/ ٣٣٥ - ٣٣٧)، وأسد الغابة (٢/ ٢٧٨) وسير أعلام النبلاء (٢/ ٤٢٦)، والإصابة (١/ ٥٦١ - ٥٦٢). (٥) ط: (عبيد) تحريف. (٦) ط: (أحد). (٧) البخاري (٧١٩٥) تعليقًا. (٨) مسند الإمام أحمد (٥/ ١٨٦)، وهو حديث صحيح. (٩) أ: (لا آمن).

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