reciting the phrase with the Divine Name in the accusative. The shaykh thereupon said to him, “Woe to you! What will you do with the Almighty’s words: ‘And when Moses came at the appointed time and his Lord spoke to him’ (al-Aʿrāf 7:143)?”
The upshot is that the Prophet’s statement—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—“We are not inherited from; whatever we leave is charity” must be put into practice in every sense that its wording and meaning allow, for it is a specific exception to the general Qur’ānic rulings on inheritance. It removes him—whether singly or together with his fellow prophets, upon him and upon them be blessings and peace—from the scope of those verses.
Chapter: His Wives—blessings and peace be upon him—and His Children
Allah the Exalted says: “O wives of the Prophet, you are not like any other women—provided you remain mindful of Allah. So do not speak in soft tones lest he whose heart is diseased should be moved with desire; rather, speak honorably. Stay in your homes and do not display yourselves as in the former Age of Ignorance. Establish the prayer, give the zakāh, and obey Allah and His Messenger. Allah only intends to remove from you all defilement, O People of the House, and to purify you completely. And remember what is recited in your homes of Allah’s revelations and wisdom. Surely Allah is Subtle, All-Aware” (al-Aḥzāb 32–34).
There is no disagreement that he—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—passed away while married to nine women: (1) ʿĀʾishah bint Abī Bakr al-Ṣiddīq al-Taymī; (2) Ḥafṣah bint ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb al-ʿAdawī; (3) Umm Ḥabībah, Ramlah bint Abī Sufyān Ṣakhr ibn Ḥarb ibn Umayyah al-Umawī; (4) Zaynab bint Jaḥsh al-Asadī; (5) Umm Salamah, Hind bint Abī Umayyah al-Makhzūmī; (6) Maymūnah bint al-Ḥārith al-Hilālī; (7) Sawdah bint Zamʿah al-ʿĀmirī; (8) Juwayriyyah bint al-Ḥārith ibn Abī Ḍirār al-Muṣṭaliqī; and (9) Ṣafiyyah bint Ḥuyayy ibn Akhṭab al-Naḍarī—an Israelite descended from Aaron—may Allah be pleased with them all.
He also possessed two bondwomen: Māriyah bint Shamʿūn, the Coptic Egyptian from the district of Ansinā, who bore him his son Ibrāhīm; and Rayḥānah bint Shamʿūn al-Quraziyyah. She embraced Islam and he set her free, after which she returned to her people. Some claim that she thereafter continued to live in seclusion among them; Allah knows best.
As for a detailed, chronological treatment of these matters, collating the statements of the leading scholars, we say—and in Allah do we seek aid: