Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

messengers bringing glad tidings and warnings, so that people would have no plea against Allah after the messengers; and Allah is ever All-Mighty, All-Wise. (an-Nisāʾ 165)

Allah, exalted is He, also says in Sūrat al-Anʿām:
“That was Our argument which We gave to Abraham against his people. We raise in rank whom We will; indeed your Lord is Wise, All-Knowing. (83) We granted him Isaac and Jacob—each of them We guided—and before them We guided Noah; and of his descendants: David, Solomon, Job, Joseph, Moses and Aaron—thus do We reward those who excel. (84) And Zachariah, John, Jesus and Elias—each one was of the righteous; (85) and Ishmael, Elisha, Jonah and Lot—each one We favoured above all beings; (86) and likewise some of their fathers, their offspring and their brothers. We chose them and guided them to a straight path.” (87) [al-Anʿām 83–87]

His story has already been mentioned in al-Aʿrāf. And He, exalted is He, says in Sūrat Ibrāhīm:
“Has there not reached them the news of those before them—Noah’s people, ʿĀd, Thamūd, the people of Abraham, the dwellers of Midian, and the overturned cities? Their messengers came to them with clear proofs, but it was not Allah who wronged them; rather, they wronged themselves.” (at-Tawbah 70)

His story likewise preceded in Sūrat Hūd. And He, exalted is He, says in Sūrat Ibrāhīm:
“Has the news not come to you of those who were before you—Noah’s people, ʿĀd, Thamūd, and those who came after them, known only to Allah? Their messengers came to them with clear proofs, but they thrust their hands into their mouths and said, ‘We indeed deny what you have been sent with, and we are in grave doubt about that to which you call us.’” (Ibrāhīm 9)

He, exalted is He, says in Sūrat al-Isrāʾ:
“Descendants of those We carried with Noah—indeed he was a truly grateful servant.” (3)
He also says there:
“How many generations We destroyed after Noah! Your Lord is fully aware, all-seeing, of His servants’ sins.” (17)

His story is likewise found in al-Anbiyāʾ, al-Muʾminūn, ash-Shuʿarāʾ and al-ʿAnkabūt. And He, exalted is He, says in Sūrat al-Aḥzāb:
“When We took from the prophets their covenant—and from you, and from Noah, Abraham, Moses and Jesus son of Mary—and We took from them a solemn covenant.” (al-Aḥzāb 7)

He says in Sūrat Ṣād:
“Before them the people of Noah, ʿĀd and Pharaoh of the tent-pegs denied, (12) and Thamūd, the people of Lot and the dwellers of the Thicket—those were the confederates. (13) Every one of them rejected the messengers, so My punishment became inevitable.” (Ṣād 12–14)

He, exalted is He, says in Sūrat Ghāfir:
“The people of Noah denied before them, as did the confederates after them. Every nation plotted against its messenger to seize him, and they argued with falsehood so as to refute the truth; so I seized them—how was My punishment! (5) Thus the decree of your Lord was fulfilled for those who disbelieved: they are the companions of the Fire.” (Ghāfir 5–6)

He, exalted is He, says in Sūrat ash-Shūrā:
“He has ordained for you in religion what He enjoined upon Noah, and what We have revealed to you, and what We enjoined upon Abraham, Moses and Jesus: ‘Establish the religion and do not be divided concerning it.’ What you call the polytheists to is burdensome for them. Allah draws to Himself whom He wills and guides to Himself whoever turns in repentance.” (ash-Shūrā 13)

He, exalted is He, says in Sūrat Qāf:
“Before them the people of Noah, the dwellers of ar-Rass and Thamūd denied, (12) and ʿĀd, Pharaoh, the brethren of Lot, (13) the dwellers of the Thicket and the people of Tubbaʿ—each of them rejected the messengers, so My warning was fulfilled.” (Qāf 12–14)

He says in Sūrat adh-Dhāriyāt: “And the people of Noah before—truly they were a sinful people.” (46)

He says in Sūrat an-Najm: “And the people of Noah before—indeed they were more unjust and more rebellious.” (52)

His story is also found in the Sūrah that opens, “The Hour has drawn near.” And He, exalted is He, says in Sūrat al-Ḥadīd: “Indeed We sent Noah…”

مُبَشِّرِينَ وَمُنْذِرِينَ لِئَلَّا يَكُونَ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَى اللَّهِ حُجَّةٌ بَعْدَ الرُّسُلِ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَزِيزًا حَكِيمًا﴾ [النساء: ١٦٣ - ١٦٥] . وقال تعالى في سورة الأنعام: ﴿وَتِلْكَ حُجَّتُنَا آتَيْنَاهَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ نَرْفَعُ دَرَجَاتٍ مَنْ نَشَاءُ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ حَكِيمٌ عَلِيمٌ (٨٣) وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُ إِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ كُلًّا هَدَيْنَا وَنُوحًا هَدَيْنَا مِنْ قَبْلُ وَمِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِهِ دَاوُودَ وَسُلَيْمَانَ وَأَيُّوبَ وَيُوسُفَ وَمُوسَى وَهَارُونَ وَكَذَلِكَ نَجْزِي الْمُحْسِنِينَ (٨٤) وَزَكَرِيَّا وَيَحْيَى وَعِيسَى وَإِلْيَاسَ كُلٌّ مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ (٨٥) وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَالْيَسَعَ وَيُونُسَ وَلُوطًا وَكُلًّا فَضَّلْنَا عَلَى الْعَالَمِينَ (٨٦) وَمِنْ آبَائِهِمْ وَذُرِّيَّاتِهِمْ وَإِخْوَانِهِمْ وَاجْتَبَيْنَاهُمْ وَهَدَيْنَاهُمْ إِلَى صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ﴾ [الأنعام: ٨٣ - ٨٧] الآيات. وتقدَّمت قصَّته في الأعراف، وقال في سورة إبراهيم: ﴿أَلَمْ يَأْتِهِمْ نَبَأُ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ قَوْمِ نُوحٍ وَعَادٍ وَثَمُودَ وَقَوْمِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَأَصْحَابِ مَدْيَنَ وَالْمُؤْتَفِكَاتِ أَتَتْهُمْ رُسُلُهُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ فَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيَظْلِمَهُمْ وَلَكِنْ كَانُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ﴾ [التوبة: ٧٠] . وتقدَّمت قصَّته في سورة هود، وقال في سورة إبراهيم: ﴿أَلَمْ يَأْتِكُمْ نَبَأُ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ قَوْمِ نُوحٍ وَعَادٍ وَثَمُودَ وَالَّذِينَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ لَا يَعْلَمُهُمْ إِلَّا اللَّهُ جَاءَتْهُمْ رُسُلُهُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ فَرَدُّوا أَيْدِيَهُمْ فِي أَفْوَاهِهِمْ وَقَالُوا إِنَّا كَفَرْنَا بِمَا أُرْسِلْتُمْ بِهِ وَإِنَّا لَفِي شَكٍّ مِمَّا تَدْعُونَنَا إِلَيْهِ مُرِيبٍ﴾ [إبراهيم: ٩] . وقال في سورة سبحان: ﴿ذُرِّيَّةَ مَنْ حَمَلْنَا مَعَ نُوحٍ إِنَّهُ كَانَ عَبْدًا شَكُورًا﴾ [الإسراء: ٣] وقال فيها أيضًا: ﴿وَكَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا مِنَ الْقُرُونِ مِنْ بَعْدِ نُوحٍ وَكَفَى بِرَبِّكَ بِذُنُوبِ عِبَادِهِ خَبِيرًا بَصِيرًا﴾ [الإسراء: ١٧] . وتقدمت قصته في الأنبياء والمؤمنون والشعراء والعنكبوت. وقال في سورة الأحزاب: ﴿وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِنَ النَّبِيِّينَ مِيثَاقَهُمْ وَمِنْكَ وَمِنْ نُوحٍ وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ وَمُوسَى وَعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ وَأَخَذْنَا مِنْهُمْ مِيثَاقًا غَلِيظًا﴾ [الأحزاب: ٧] وقال في سورة ص: ﴿كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ وَعَادٌ وَفِرْعَوْنُ ذُو الْأَوْتَادِ (١٢) وَثَمُودُ وَقَوْمُ لُوطٍ وَأَصْحَابُ الْأَيْكَةِ أُولَئِكَ الْأَحْزَابُ (١٣) إِنْ كُلٌّ إِلَّا كَذَّبَ الرُّسُلَ فَحَقَّ عِقَابِ﴾ [ص: ١٢ - ١٤] . وقال في سورة غافر: ﴿كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ وَالْأَحْزَابُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ وَهَمَّتْ كُلُّ أُمَّةٍ بِرَسُولِهِمْ لِيَأْخُذُوهُ وَجَادَلُوا بِالْبَاطِلِ لِيُدْحِضُوا بِهِ الْحَقَّ فَأَخَذْتُهُمْ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عِقَابِ (٥) وَكَذَلِكَ حَقَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ﴾ [غافر: ٥ - ٦] . وقال في سورة الشورى: ﴿شَرَعَ لَكُمْ مِنَ الدِّينِ مَا وَصَّى بِهِ نُوحًا وَالَّذِي أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ وَمَا وَصَّيْنَا بِهِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَمُوسَى وَعِيسَى أَنْ أَقِيمُوا الدِّينَ وَلَا تَتَفَرَّقُوا فِيهِ كَبُرَ عَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ مَا تَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَيْهِ اللَّهُ يَجْتَبِي إِلَيْهِ مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَيَهْدِي إِلَيْهِ مَنْ يُنِيبُ﴾ [الشورى: ١٣] . وقال تعالى في سورة ق: ﴿كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ وَأَصْحَابُ الرَّسِّ وَثَمُودُ (١٢) وَعَادٌ وَفِرْعَوْنُ وَإِخْوَانُ لُوطٍ (١٣) وَأَصْحَابُ الْأَيْكَةِوَأَصْحَابُ الْأَيْكَةِ وَقَوْمُ تُبَّعٍ كُلٌّ كَذَّبَ الرُّسُلَ فَحَقَّ وَعِيدِ﴾ [ق: ١٢ - ١٤] وقال في الذاريات: ﴿وَقَوْمَ نُوحٍ مِنْ قَبْلُ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا قَوْمًا فَاسِقِينَ﴾ [الذاريات: ٤٦] وقال في النجم: ﴿وَقَوْمَ نُوحٍ مِنْ قَبْلُ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا هُمْ أَظْلَمَ وَأَطْغَى﴾ [النجم: ٥٢] وتقدمت قصته في سورة اقتربت الساعة. وقال تعالى في سورة الحديد: ﴿وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا نُوحًا

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