whatever he pleased. Muslim also records it (1) through Muḥammad ibn al-Muthannā, ʿAbd al-Ṣamad ibn ʿAbd al-Wārith, Hammām, and Qatādah with the same wording. Here, the term tamattuʿ is meant in its broader sense, which includes both qirān and the specific form of tamattuʿ. This is confirmed by what Muslim also transmits (2) from Shuʿbah and Saʿīd ibn Abī ʿArūbah, from Qatādah, from Mutarrif, from ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Shakhkhīr, from ʿImrān ibn al-Ḥuṣayn: that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ combined Hajj and ʿUmrah … and he relates the rest of the report.
Most of the early scholars use the word tamattuʿ to refer to qirān, as al-Bukhārī states (3): “Qutaybah narrated to us; Ḥajjāj ibn Muḥammad al-Aʿwar narrated to us; from Shuʿbah, from ʿAmr ibn Murrah, from Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyib, who said: ʿAlī and ʿUthmān—may Allah be pleased with them—disagreed at ʿUsfān (4) about tamattuʿ. ʿAlī said, ‘What do you intend by forbidding something that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ practiced?’ When ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib saw the matter, he entered iḥrām for both rites together.”
Muslim likewise reports it (5) from Shuʿbah—and al-Bukhārī also cites it (6) from Shuʿbah (7)—through al-Ḥakam ibn ʿUtaybah, from ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn, from Marwān ibn al-Ḥakam, on their joint authority. ʿAlī said, “I would never abandon the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for anyone’s opinion.”
Muslim also transmits (8) via Shuʿbah, from Qatādah, from ʿAbd Allāh ibn Shaqīq on their authority. ʿAlī said to him, “You know that we practiced tamattuʿ with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.” He replied, “Yes, but at that time we were afraid.”
As for the ḥadīth that Muslim relates (10) through Ghundar, from Shuʿbah, and through ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Muʿādh, from his father, from Shuʿbah, from Muslim ibn Mikhrāq al-Qurrī (11), he heard Ibn ʿAbbās say: “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered iḥrām for an ʿUmrah, while his Companions entered iḥrām for Hajj. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not exit iḥrām, nor did those of his Companions who had brought their sacrificial animals; only the rest of them came out of iḥrām.” Abū Dāwūd has also transmitted this narration.