Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

Delegation of Ashjaʿ
Al-Wāqidī states that they arrived in the Year of the Trench, one hundred men under the leadership of Masʿūd ibn Rukhaylah. They camped in the gorge of Salʿ, where the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came out to meet them and ordered that they be supplied with pack-loads of dates.

Another report holds that they came after the campaign against Banū Qurayẓah, numbering seven hundred. The Prophet ﷺ concluded a truce with them, they returned home, and later entered Islam.

Delegation of Bāhila
Their chieftain, Muṭarrif ibn al-Kāhin, came after the Conquest, embraced Islam, and secured a guarantee of protection for his people. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ issued him a document setting forth the obligatory dues and the ordinances of Islam; it was written by ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān, may Allah be pleased with him.

Delegation of Banū Sulaym
Al-Wāqidī relates that a man of Banū Sulaym called Qays ibn Nushbah came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He listened attentively, asked a number of questions, received clear answers, and took it all to heart. The Prophet ﷺ invited him to Islam, and he accepted.

On returning to his tribe he declared:
“I have heard the eloquence of Rome, the incantations of Persia, the poetry of the Arabs, the divinations of soothsayers, and the lofty orations of Ḥimyar, yet nothing resembles the speech of Muḥammad. Obey me, and take your share of it.”

When the year of the Conquest arrived, Banū Sulaym set out and met the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at Qudayd, seven hundred strong—some say a thousand—among them al-ʿAbbās ibn Mirdās and other leading men. They embraced Islam and said, “Place us in your vanguard, give us a red banner, and let our battle-cry be foremost.” The Prophet ﷺ granted their request, and they were present with him at the Conquest, at al-Ṭāʾif, and at Ḥunayn.

Rāshid ibn ʿAbd Rabbih al-Sulamī had formerly worshipped an idol. One day he saw two foxes urinating on it and cried:
“Can a god on whose head two foxes urinate
be anything but disgraced, despised by every fox?”

He rushed upon the idol and smashed it, then came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and accepted Islam. The Prophet ﷺ asked, “What is your name?” He replied, “Gāwī ibn ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā (the Deviant, son of the servant of al-ʿUzzā).” The Prophet ﷺ said, “No, you are Rāshid ibn ʿAbd Rabbih (the Rightly-Guided, son of the servant of the Lord),” and he granted him an estate called Ruhāṭ.

(1) Ṭabaqāt Ibn Saʿd, vol. 1, p. 306; al-Iṣābah, vol. 3, p. 410. (2) Ṭabaqāt Ibn Saʿd, vol. 1, p. 307; al-Iṣābah, vol. 3, p. 423. (3) Ṭabaqāt Ibn Saʿd, vol. 1, p. 307; al-Iṣābah, vol. 3, p. 260. (4) The term muqāwil is read in some sources as mulūk (“kings”); al-Qāmūs gives it as qawl (“utterance”). (5) Qaddīd: a site near Mecca (Muʿjam al-Bul­dān). (6) In Ṭabaqāt Ibn Saʿd: nine hundred. (7) Variant reading: “thumma shahida” (“then he bore witness”), which is a corruption.
وفد أشْجَع ذكر الواقديُّ (١) أنهم قَدِموا عامَ الخندَقِ وهم مئة رجل، ورئيسُهم مَسْعُود بن رُخَيْلة، فنزلوا شعب سَلْع، فخرج إليهم رسول الله ﷺ ، وأمر لهم بأحْمال التَّمرِ، ويقال: بل قدموا بعدَما فرغ من بني قُرَيْظَة، وكانوا سبعمائة رجل، فوادَعَهُم ورجعوا، ثم أسلموا بعد ذلك. وَفْدُ باهلة (٢) قدم رئيسهم مُطرِّف بن الكاهِن بعدَ الفَتْح فأسلَم، وأَخَذَ لقومه أمانًا، وكتب له كتابًا فيه الفرائضُ وشرائعُ الإسلام، كتبه عثمانُ بن عَفّان (رضي الله عنه) . وَفْدُ بني سُلَيْم قال (٣) : وقدم على رسول الله ﷺ رجل من بني سُلَيْم يقال له: قيس بن نُشْبة، فسمع كلامَهُ، وسأله عن أشياء، فأجابه، ووعى ذلك كله، ودعاه رسول الله ﷺ إلى الإسلام، فأسلم، ورجع إلى قومه بني سُليم فقال: سمعتُ تَرْجَمة الرُّوم وهَيْنَمَة فارس وأشعار العرب وكَهانة الكُهّان وكلامَ مَقاول حمير (٤) ، فما يشبه كلامُ محمدٍ شيئًا من كلامهم، فأطيعوني، وخذوا بنصيبكم منه، فلما كان عامُ الفتح خرجَتْ بنو سُلَيْم، فلقوا رسولَ الله ﷺ بقُديد (٥) ، وهم سبعمائة (٦) . ويقال: كانوا ألفًا، وفيهم العَبّاس بن مِرْداس وجماعة من أعيانهم، فأسْلَموا، وقالوا: اجعلنا في مُقَدَّمتك، واجعلْ لواءَنا أحمرَ وشعارَنا مقدَّمًا، ففعل ذلك بهم، فشهدوا معه الفتحَ والطَّائِفَ وحُنَيْنًا وقد كان راشدُ بن عبد ربّه السُّلَمي يعبد صَنَمًا، فرآه يومًا وثعلبان يبولان عليه فقال: [الطويل] أرَبٌّ يَبُول الثَّعْلَبانِ بِرأسِهِ … لَقَد زَلَّ منْ بَالَتْ عَلَيْهِ الثَّعالِبُ ثم شدَّ (٧) عليه فكسره، ثم جاء إلى رسول الله ﷺ فأسلم، وقال له رسول الله ﷺ : "ما اسمك؟ " قال: غاوي بن عبد العُزّى، فقال: "بل أنت راشدُ بن عبد رَبِّه" وأقطعه موضعًا يقال له: رُهاط،
(١) طبقات ابن سعد (١/ ٣٠٦) والإصابة (٣/ ٤١٠). (٢) طبقات ابن سعد (١/ ٣٠٧) والإصابة (٣/ ٤٢٣). (٣) طبقات ابن سعد (١/ ٣٠٧) والإصابة (٣/ ٢٦٠). (٤) مقاول: ملوك (القاموس: قول). (٥) قديد: موضع قرب مكة (معجم البلدان). (٦) في طبقات ابن سعد: (تسعمائة). (٧) ط: (ثم شهد) وهو تحريف.

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