He said, “It is as though I can see the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the day Mecca was conquered, wearing a black Ḥaraqānī turban, its two ends let down between his shoulders.

Muslim records in his Ṣaḥīḥ—along with al-Tirmidhī and al-Nasāʾī (1)—through the chain of ʿAmmār al-Duhanī, from Abū al-Zubayr, from Jābir, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered Mecca wearing a black turban.

The four compilers of the Sunan (2) likewise relate, via Yaḥyā ibn Ādam, from Shurayk al-Qāḍī, from ʿAmmār al-Duhanī, from Abū al-Zubayr, from Jābir, who said: “The banner of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the day he entered Mecca was white.”

Ibn Isḥāq (3) reports—from ʿAbd Allāh ibn Abī Bakr, from ʿĀʾishah—that she said: “The standard of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the Day of the Conquest was white, while his flag was black and was called al-ʿUqāb; it was cut from a striped woolen cloak.”

Al-Bukhārī (4) states: Abū al-Walīd narrated to us; Shuʿbah narrated to us; from Muʿāwiyah ibn Qurrah who said: I heard ʿAbd Allāh ibn Mughaffal say, “I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the day Mecca was conquered, riding his she-camel and reciting Sūrat al-Fatḥ with a melodious intonation.” He added (5), “Were it not that the people would crowd around me, I would chant it as he chanted.”

[And Muhammad ibn Isḥāq (6) said: ʿAbd Allāh ibn Abī Bakr related to me that] when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ reached Dhū Ṭuwā, he halted upon his mount, wrapped in one side of a red ḥibrah mantle, and he lowered his head in humility before Allah at the honor conferred upon him through the Conquest, so that the tip of his beard nearly touched the pommel of the saddle.

Al-Ḥāfiẓ al-Bayhaqī (7) said: Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥāfiẓ informed us; Daʿlaj ibn Aḥmad narrated to us; Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī al-Abbār narrated to us; ʿAbd Allāh ibn Abī Bakr al-Miqdamī narrated to us; Jaʿfar ibn Sulaymān narrated to us; from Thābit, from Anas, who said: “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered Mecca on the Day of the Conquest with his chin resting on his mount, in humble submission.”

He also said (8): Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥāfiẓ informed us; Abū Bakr ibn Bāluwayh narrated to us; Aḥmad ibn Ṣāʿid narrated to us; Ismāʿīl ibn Abī al-Ḥārith narrated to us; Jaʿfar ibn ʿAwn narrated to us; Ismāʿīl ibn Abī Khālid narrated to us; from Qays, from Abū Masʿūd, that a man spoke to