the question. So I asked, “Who, then, is this, O Gabriel?”
He answered, “This is Isrāfīl, upon him be peace. Allah created him and stationed him before Him, his feet set together, never lifting his gaze. Between him and the Lord are seventy veils of light; were he to draw near to any one of them, he would be consumed. Before him lies a tablet, and whenever Allah decrees anything in the heavens or on the earth, that tablet is raised until it strikes his forehead. He then looks at it: if the matter falls under my charge, he orders me to carry it out; if it concerns Michael, he instructs him; and if it concerns the Angel of Death, he instructs him.”
I said, “O Gabriel, over what have you been placed?”
He replied, “Over the winds and the hosts.”
I asked, “And over what is Michael?”
He said, “Over vegetation and rain.”
I asked, “And over what is the Angel of Death?”
He said, “Over the taking of souls. I thought he had only descended because the Hour was at hand, and what you saw of me was nothing but fear that the Hour had arrived.” This report is gharīb along this chain.
Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim (1) records, on the authority of ʿĀʾishah, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, whenever he rose to pray at night would say:
“O Allah, Lord of Gabriel, Michael, and Isrāfīl, Originator of the heavens and the earth, Knower of the unseen and the seen! You judge between Your servants regarding that over which they differ. Guide me, by Your leave, to the truth of that wherein they differ, for indeed You guide whom You will to a straight path.”
In the ḥadīth of the Trumpet it is stated that Isrāfīl will be the first whom Allah revives after the stunning so that he may blow the Trumpet (2).
Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Naqqāsh mentioned that Isrāfīl was the first of the angels to prostrate, and that he was rewarded for this by being made guardian of the Preserved Tablet. Abū al-Qāsim al-Suhaylī cited this in his work Al-Taʿrīf wa-l-Iʿlām bimā Ubhima fī al-Qurʾān mina-l-Asmāʾ (3).
The Exalted says: “Whoever is an enemy to Allah and His angels and His messengers and Gabriel and Michael…” (Q 2:98). The specific mention of the two after the general term “angels” indicates their lofty rank. Gabriel is a mighty angel whose description has already been given, while Michael is charged with rain and vegetation. He holds a distinguished position with his Lord and is among the honored, near angels.
Imām Aḥmad (4) narrated: Abū al-Yamān told us; Ibn ʿAyyāsh told us; from ʿUmārah ibn Ghaziyyah al-Anṣārī—who said he heard Ḥumayd ibn ʿUbayd, the client of Banī al-Muʿallā, say: I heard Thābit al-Bunnānī relate from Anas ibn Mālik that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said to Gabriel:
“Why is it that I have never seen Michael smile?”
He replied, “Michael has not smiled since the Fire was created.” (5)