Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

Safwān said, “By God, there is no good in living after them.”

ʿUmayr replied, “You are right, by God. Were it not for a debt I cannot repay and dependents I fear would be lost after me, I would ride out to Muhammad and kill him. I do have a pretext—their hands hold my son captive.”

Safwān ibn Umayyah seized the moment and said, “Your debt is on me; I will settle it for you. As for your family, they will be cared for along with mine—nothing within my means will be withheld from them.”

ʿUmayr said, “Then keep this matter between us secret.” Safwān replied, “I will.”

ʿUmayr then had his sword sharpened and coated with poison, and he set out until he reached Madinah. While ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb was sitting with a group of Muslims recalling the day of Badr—how Allah had honoured them and shown them His power over their enemy—he noticed ʿUmayr ibn Wahb dismounting at the door of the mosque with his sword slung across him.

ʿUmar said, “This dog, the enemy of Allah, ʿUmayr ibn Wahb! He has come only for evil. He is the one who incited them against us and estimated our numbers for them on the day of Badr.”

ʿUmar then went in to the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—and said, “O Prophet of Allah, the enemy of Allah, ʿUmayr ibn Wahb, has arrived with his sword strapped on.”

The Prophet said, “Let him come in to me.”

ʿUmar returned, seized the strap of ʿUmayr’s sword around his neck, and dragged him in. He told some of the Anṣār who were with him, “Enter to the Messenger of Allah, sit by him, and guard him against this vile man, for he is not to be trusted.” He then brought ʿUmayr before the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him.

When the Messenger of Allah saw him with ʿUmar still holding the sword-strap, he said, “Release him, O ʿUmar. Come closer, ʿUmayr.”

ʿUmayr stepped forward and said, “Good morning!”—the greeting people used in the Days of Ignorance.

The Messenger of Allah said, “Allah has honoured us with a greeting better than yours, O ʿUmayr: ‘Peace’—the greeting of the people of Paradise.”

ʿUmayr replied, “By Allah, O Muhammad, I have only recently heard of it.”

The Prophet asked, “What has brought you here, ʿUmayr?”

He said, “I have come concerning the captive you hold; treat him well.”

The Prophet asked, “Then why is that sword around your neck?”

He replied, “May Allah curse these swords! Did they ever do any good?”

The Prophet said, “Tell me the truth—what have you really come for?”

He answered, “I have come for nothing but that.”

The Prophet said, “No. You and Safwān ibn Umayyah sat together in the Ḥijr, spoke about Quraysh’s dead in the well, and you said, ‘Were it not for the debt I owe and the family I must care for, I would go out and kill Muhammad.’ Safwān ibn Umayyah undertook to settle your debt and look after your family on condition that you kill me for him. But Allah will stand between you and that.”

ʿUmayr exclaimed, “I bear witness that you are the Messenger of Allah! O Messenger of Allah, we used to deny what you brought us of news from heaven and revelation. Yet this matter was known to no one but me and Safwān. By Allah, I know that none but Allah has informed you of it. Praise be to Allah who has guided me to Islam and brought me here.” He then pronounced the testimony of faith.

The Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—said, “Teach your brother his religion, instruct him in the Qur’an, and release his captive.” And they did so.

ʿUmayr then said, “O Messenger of Allah, I used to strive to extinguish the light of Allah and was harsh toward those who followed His religion. I would like you to permit me to return to Mecca and invite them to Allah, to His Messenger, and to Islam—perhaps Allah will guide them. Otherwise I shall harass them in their religion just as…"

(1) In the manuscript (ṭ): “ma an.” Here the particle inna is used in the sense of the negative particle ma. (2) In al-Sīrah al-Nabawiyyah, it appears as “qibalahum.” (3) hazara: to estimate by conjecture. (4) The word “Umar” is omitted in the manuscript (ṭ).
فقال صفوان: واللَّه إن (١) في العيش بعدهم خيرٌ. قال له عميرٌ: صدقت واللَّه، أما واللَّه لولا دَينٌ عليّ ليس عندي قضاؤه، وعيالٌ أخشى عليهم الضّيعة بعدي، لركبت إلى محمدٍ حتى أقتله، فإنّ لي فيهم (٢) علّةً؛ ابني أسيرٌ في أيديهم. قال: فاغتنمها صفوان بن أميّة، فقال: عليّ دَينك، أنا أقضيه عنك، وعيالك مع عيالي أُواسيهم ما بقوا، لا يسعني شيءٌ ويعجز عنهم. فقال له عميرٌ: فاكتم عنّي شأني وشأنك. قال: سأفعل. قال: ثم أمر عميرٌ بسيفه فشحذ له وسمّ، ثم انطلق حتى قدم المدينة، فبينما عمر بن الخطاب في نفرٍ من المسلمين يتحدّثون عن يوم بدرٍ، ويذكرون ما أكرمهم اللَّه به، وما أراهم من عدوّهم، إذ نظر عمر إلى عمير بن وهبٍ، وقد أناخ على باب المسجد متوشّحًا السيفَ، فقال: هذا الكلب عدوّ اللَّه عمير بن وهبٍ، ما جاء إلّا لشرٍّ، وهو الذي حرّش بيننا، وحزرنا (٣) للقوم يوم بدرٍ. ثم دخل عمر (٤) على رسول اللَّه ﷺ فقال: يا نبيّ اللَّه، هذا عدوّ اللَّه عمير بن وهبٍ، قد جاء متوشّحًا سيفه. قال: "فأدخله عليّ" . قال: فأقبل عمر حتى أخذ بحمالة سيفه في عنقه فلبّبه بها، وقال لمن كان معه من الأنصار: ادخلوا على رسول اللَّه ﷺ ، فاجلسوا عنده، واحذروا عليه من هذا الخبيث؛ فإنّه غير مأمونٍ. ثم دخل به على رسول اللَّه ﷺ ، فلمَّا رآه رسول اللَّه، وعمر آخذٌ بحمالة سيفه في عنقه قال: "أرسله يا عمر، ادن يا عمير" . فدنا ثم قال: أنعم صباحًا. وكانت تحية أهل الجاهلية بينهم، فقال رسول اللَّه: "قد أكرمنا اللَّه بتحيةٍ خيرٍ من تحيتك يا عمير، بالسلام تحية أهلِ الجنة" . قال: أما واللَّه يا محمد إن كنت بها لحديث عهدٍ. قال: "فما جاء بك يا عمير؟ " قال: جئت لهذا الأسيرِ الذي في أيديكم، فأحسنوا فيه. قال: "فما بال السيف في عنقك؟ " قال: قبّحها اللَّه من سيوفٍ، وهل أغنت شيئًا؟ قال: "اصدقني، ما الذي جئت له؟ " قال: ما جئت إلّا لذلك. قال: "بل قعدت أنت وصفوان بن أميّة في الحجر، فذكرتما أصحاب القليب من قريشٍ، ثم قلت: لولا دَينٌ عليّ وعيالٌ عندي لخرجت حتى أقتل محمدًا. فتحمّل لك صفوان بن أميّة بدينك وعيالك، على أن تقتلني له، واللَّه حائلٌ بينك وبين ذلك" . فقال عميرٌ: أشهد أنّك رسول اللَّه، قد كنا يا رسول اللَّه نكذّبك بما كنت تأتينا به من خبر السماء، وما ينزّل عليك من الوحي، وهذا أمرٌ لم يحضره إلا أنا وصفوان، فواللَّه إنّي لأعلم ما أتاك به إلّا اللَّه، فالحمد للَّه الذي هداني للإسلام، وساقني هذا المساق. ثم شهد شهادة الحقّ، فقال رسول اللَّه ﷺ : "فقّهوا أخاكم في دينه، وعلّموه القرآن، وأطلقوا أسيره" . ففعلوا. ثم قال: يا رسول اللَّه، إنّي كنت جاهدًا على إطفاء نور اللَّه، شديد الأذى لمن كان على دين اللَّه، وأنا أحبّ أن تأذن لي فأقدم مكة، فأدعوهم إلى اللَّه وإلى رسوله وإلى الإسلام؛ لعلّ اللَّه يهديهم، وإلّا آذيتهم في دينهم كما
(١) في (ط): "ما أن". و"إن" هنا بمعنى "ما" النافية. (٢) في "السيرة النبوية": "قِبَلهم". (٣) حزر: قدر بالتخمين. (٤) لفظ "عمر" سقط من: (ط).

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