to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Jallās denied the allegation and swore that he had never uttered it, whereupon the verse was revealed about him. Ibn Isḥāq said (1): They claim that he later repented—an excellent repentance—until Islam and uprightness were plainly seen in him.

He continued: Jallās’s brother, al-Ḥārith ibn Suwayd, was the one who, on the Day of Uḥud, killed al-Mujadhdhar ibn Ziyād al-Balawī and Qays ibn Zayd of Banū Ḍubayʿah. He had marched out with the Muslims, though he was a hypocrite; when the two forces met, he set upon the two men and slew them, then defected to Quraysh.

Ibn Hishām (2) adds: Al-Mujadhdhar had killed his father, Suwayd ibn al-Ṣāmit, in one of the pre-Islamic wars, so he avenged his father on the Day of Uḥud—so says Ibn Hishām.

Ibn Isḥāq, however, relates that the one who killed Suwayd ibn al-Ṣāmit was in fact Muʿādh ibn ʿAfrāʾ, who slew him treacherously, outside of battle, sometime before the Day of Buʿāth; he shot him with an arrow and killed him. Ibn Hishām also denies that al-Ḥārith killed Qays ibn Zayd, saying that Ibn Isḥāq does not list him among those slain at Uḥud.

Ibn Isḥāq further states: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ had ordered ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb to kill al-Ḥārith if he could lay hands on him. Al-Ḥārith therefore sent word to his brother Jallās, asking him to procure repentance for him so that he might return to his people. Thereupon Allah revealed—so it has reached me from Ibn ʿAbbās—
“How shall Allah guide a people who have disbelieved after they had believed, bearing witness that the Messenger is true and when clear proofs had come to them? Allah does not guide the wrongdoing folk.” (Āl ʿImrān 3:86) (3)

At the end of the account he said: Among them were Bijād ibn ʿUthmān ibn ʿĀmir and Nubtal ibn al-Ḥārith—the man about whom the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Whoever wishes to look at Satan, let him look at this one” (4). Nubtal was a big, dark-skinned man, with tousled hair, bloodshot eyes, and swarthy cheeks. He would listen to what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said and then relay it to the hypocrites. It was he who remarked, “Muhammad is nothing but an ear; whatever anyone tells him, he believes.” Concerning him Allah revealed: “And among them are those who harm the Prophet and say, ‘He is (all) ear.’” (al-Tawbah 9:61) (5).

He also named Abū Ḥabībah ibn al-Azʿar—one of those who built the Masjid of Harm (Masjid al-Ḍirār)—and Thaʿlabah ibn Ḥāṭib and Muʿattib ibn Qushayr, the two who vowed to Allah, “If He gives us of His bounty, we shall surely give in charity” (al-Tawbah 9:75) (6). They broke their promise, so that verse was revealed about them.

Muʿattib was likewise the one who said on the Day of Uḥud, “Had we had any say in the matter, we would not have been killed here” (Āl ʿImrān 3:154); so Allah sent down regarding him