Alī ibn al-Madīnī (1) narrated to us; Sufyān narrated, saying: ʿAmr used to say, “I heard Jābir ibn ʿAbd Allāh say, ‘Both my maternal uncles attended the Pledge of al-ʿAqabah.’”
Imām Aḥmad (2) likewise reported: ʿAbd al-Razzāq narrated to us; Maʿmar informed us, from Ibn Khuthaym, from Abū l-Zubayr, from Jābir, who said:
“The Messenger of God ﷺ stayed in Mecca for ten years, following the people to their dwellings—at ʿUkāẓ, Majannah, and during the seasons—saying:
‘Who will shelter me? Who will support me, that I may convey my Lord’s message? For him is Paradise.’
[Yet he could find no one to shelter or support him] (3), to the extent that a man would set out from Yemen or from Muḍar (4)—so the report says—then, when he returned, his clan and kinsfolk would warn him, ‘Beware the youth of Quraysh, lest he beguile you.’ He ﷺ would walk (5) among their camps (6) while they pointed at him with their fingers, until God sent us to him from Yathrib. We gave him refuge and believed in him. A man from among us would go to him, embrace faith, learn the Qur’an, then return to his household, and they would accept Islam because of his Islam, until no house of the Anṣār remained without a group of Muslims openly professing Islam.
“Then we all consulted one another and said, ‘How long shall we leave the Messenger of God ﷺ wandering the mountains of Mecca in fear?’ So seventy men of us set out to him during the season, came to him, and appointed the ravine of al-ʿAqabah as our meeting-place. We gathered there (7), coming one or two at a time until we were complete, and we said, ‘O Messenger of God, on what terms shall we pledge allegiance to you?’
“He replied:
‘You pledge to listen and obey in vigor and in lethargy, to spend in hardship and in ease, to enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong, to speak for the sake of God without fearing the blame of any critic, and to support me and protect me when I come to you with the same protection you extend to your own selves, your wives, and your children—and for you is Paradise.’
“So we rose to him [and pledged our allegiance], and Asʿad ibn Zurārah—who was among the youngest of them—took his hand; in al-Bayhaqī’s version: ‘He was the youngest of the seventy save me’ (8).
“He said, ‘Easy now, people of Yathrib. We have not worn out the flanks of our camels to reach him except while knowing that he is the Messenger of God ﷺ. Yet bringing him out today means severing ties with all the Arabs (9) as one, the killing of your nobles, and that the swords will bite you. If you are a people who can endure that, then take him, and your reward is with God; but if you fear for yourselves, then leave him (10). State the matter plainly; that will be more excusable for you before God.’
“They said, ‘Step aside from us (11), O Asʿad…’