Al-Suhaylī (1) says: Abū al-Haytham ibn al-Tayyihān—whose given name is Mālik ibn Mālik ibn ʿAtīk ibn ʿAmr ibn ʿAbd al-Aʿlam ibn ʿĀmir ibn Zaʿūrāʾ ibn Jusham (2) ibn al-Ḥārith ibn al-Khazraj ibn ʿAmr ibn Mālik ibn al-Aws.
He adds: It is also claimed that he belonged to the clan of Arāsh, and others say to Balī; Ibn Isḥāq and Ibn Hishām, however, do not cite either lineage.
He further notes: al-haytham is the eyas of an eagle, and it is likewise the name of a species of plant. (3)

In any case, these twelve men attended the pilgrimage that year, resolved to meet the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and met him at al-ʿAqabah, where they pledged to him the “Pledge of Women”; this was the first ʿAqabah.

Abū Nuʿaym (4) relates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited to them the words of Sūrat Ibrāhīm: “And when Abraham said, ‘My Lord, make this a secure city …’” (al-Baqarah 2:126) to the end of the passage.

Ibn Isḥāq (5) reports: Yazīd ibn Abī Ḥabīb told me, on the authority of Marthad ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Yazani, from ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿUsaylah al-Ṣunābihī, from ʿUbādah ibn al-Ṣāmit, who said:

“I was among those present at the first ʿAqabah, and we were twelve men. We pledged to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ the Pledge of Women, before fighting had been made obligatory: that we would not associate anything with Allah, would not steal, would not commit fornication, would not kill our children, would not fabricate any calumny that we invent with our hands and feet, and would not disobey him in what is right. If you honour this pledge, then Paradise is yours; but if you fall into any of it, your affair rests with Allah: if He wills He will punish, and if He wills He will forgive.”

Al-Bukhārī and Muslim (6) have transmitted this ḥadīth through the chain of al-Layth ibn Saʿd from Yazīd ibn Abī Ḥabīb in a similar wording.

Ibn Isḥāq (7) further says: Ibn Shihāb al-Zuhrī reported—from ʿĀyidhullāh ibn ʿAbd Allāh Abū Idrīs al-Khawlānī—that ʿUbādah ibn al-Ṣāmit narrated:

“We pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the night of the first ʿAqabah that we would not associate anything with Allah, not steal, not commit fornication, not kill our children, not fabricate slanders that we invent with our hands and feet, and not disobey him in what is right. If you fulfil this pledge, Paradise is yours; but if you violate it and the prescribed penalty is carried out upon you in this world, that will serve as an expiation. If you remain concealed until the Day of Resurrection, your affair rests with Allah: if He wills He will punish, and if He wills He will forgive.”