Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

the hardship; so return to your Lord and ask Him to lighten the burden for your community.’ I went back, and ten prayers were removed. I returned to Moses and he repeated the same advice, so I went back and another ten were lifted. I returned to Moses, who again said the same; I went back and ten more were taken off. I returned to Moses and he said the same once more. I went back and was then commanded with ten prayers each day. I returned, and he repeated his counsel, so I went back and was finally commanded with five prayers each day.

I returned to Moses, and he asked, ‘With what have you been charged?’ I said, ‘I have been charged with five prayers every day.’ He replied, ‘Your community will not be able to manage five prayers a day. By God, I have tried people before you and dealt most strenuously with the Children of Israel; so go back to your Lord and ask Him to lighten it for your community.’ I said, ‘I have asked my Lord until I feel shy; I am content and I submit.’ When I passed on, a herald called out, ‘I have established My obligation and have lightened it for My servants.’

This is how al-Bukhārī relates the ḥadīth in this place. He has also narrated it elsewhere in his Ṣaḥīḥ, as have Muslim, al-Tirmidhī, and al-Nasāʾī through various chains from Qatādah, from Anas, from Mālik ibn Ṣaʿṣaʿah.

We have likewise transmitted it from Anas ibn Mālik through Ubayy ibn Kaʿb, from Anas through Abū Dharr, and through many other routes from Anas back to the Prophet ﷺ. All these chains and their wordings have been set out in full in our Tafsīr. In this particular wording there is no mention of Bayt al-Maqdis. Some narrators would omit part of a report because it was already known, or they forgot it, or they mentioned only what they thought most important; sometimes they would give the whole account in detail, and at other times they would relate to their listener what was of greatest benefit to him.

Whoever treats every narration of the Isrāʾ as a separate occurrence, as some have done, is greatly mistaken. All the versions include the greetings to the Prophets; in every one he is introduced to them; and in every one the prayers are made obligatory for him. How, then, can anyone claim that this happened more than once? That is exceedingly far-fetched and impossible. And Allah knows best.

Al-Bukhārī also said: Humaydī related to us, Sufyān related to us, from ʿAmr, from ʿIkrimah, from Ibn ʿAbbās regarding the verse, ‘And We did not make the vision which We showed you except as a trial for the people’ (17:60). He said: ‘It was a vision seen with the eye that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ beheld on the night he was taken on the Night Journey to the Holy House; and the “accursed tree” mentioned in the Qur’an is the Tree of Zaqqum.’

(1) In Fath al-Bari: “bima.” (2) Fath al-Bari (no. 3207) under “Beginning of Creation,” chapter “On the Mention of Angels”; also in the section “On the Prophets” (nos. 3393 and 3430). Sahih Muslim (nos. 164 and 264) in the Book of Faith, chapter “Israʾ of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)”. Jamiʿ al-Tirmidhi (no. 3346) in the chapter “Interpretation,” section “Min Surat Alam Nashrah”. Sunan al-Nasaʾi (no. 448) in the chapter “Prayer,” section “Obligation of Prayer,” noting the variant readings among the transmitters. (3) Tafsir Ibn Kathir, vol. 4, p. 239 and following, at the end of Surah al-Israʾ. (4) In the Ṭ edition: “At times he omits, for his addressee, what he considers most beneficial,” whereas the reading preserved in the Ḥ edition is the affirmed one. (5) Fath al-Bari (no. 3888), in the “Virtues of the Ansar,” chapter on the Miʿrāj. (6) The Ḥ manuscript adds here the phrase “Al-Bukhari alone recorded it,” which is not accurate, since al-Tirmidhi also transmitted it from Ibn Abî ʿUmar with the statement “Sufyan narrated it to us.”
المعالجة؛ فارجعْ إلى ربِّك فاسْألْهُ التخفيفَ لأمتك. فرجعتُ، فوضع عني عشرًا. فرجعتُ إلى موسى فقال مثله، فرجعتُ فوضعَ عني عشرًا. فرجعتُ إلى موسى فقال مثله، فرجعتُ فوضع عني عشرًا. فرجعت إلى موسى فقال مثله، فرجعتُ فأُمرت بعشر صلواتٍ كل يوم، فرجعت، فقال مثله فرجعتُ فأُمرتُ بخمس صلواتٍ كل يوم، فرجعتُ إلى موسى فقال: بم (١) أمرت؟ فقلت: أمرت بخمس صلواتٍ كلَّ يوم. قال: إنَّ أُمَّتك لا تستطيعُ خمسَ صلواتٍ كل يوم، وإنِّي قد جرَّبتُ الناسَ قبلك وعالجتُ بني إسرائيلَ أشدَّ المعالجة، فارجِعْ إلى ربِّك فاسألْه التخفيفَ لأُمتك. قال: سألتُ ربِّي حتى استحيَيْتُ، ولكنْ أرضى وأُسَلِّم. قال: فلما جاوزتُ نادَى منادٍ: أمضَيْتُ فريضتي، وخفَّفْتُ عن عبادي". هكذا روى البخاري هذا الحديث هاهنا. وقد رواه في مواضع أُخر من صحيحه ومسلم والترمذي والنسائي من طرق، عن قتادة، عن أنس، عن مالك بن صعصعة (٢) . ورويناه من حديث أنس بن مالك، عن أبي بن كعب، ومن حديث أنس عن أبي ذر. ومن طرقٍ كثيرة، عن أنس، عن النبي ﷺ . وقد ذكرنا ذلك مستقصًى بطُرقِه وألفاظِه في التفسير (٣) ، ولم يقع في هذا السياق ذكرُ بيت المقدس، وكان بعضُ الرواة يحذفُ بعضَ الخبر للعلم به، أو ينساه، أو يذكر ما هو الأهم عنده، أو يبسط تارةً فيسوقُه كلَّه، وتارة يحدِّث مُخاطِبَه بما هو الأنفعُ له (٤) . ومَنْ جعل كلَّ روايةِ إسراء على حِدَة كما تقدَّمَ عن بعضهم فقد أبعد جدًّا. وذلك أنَّ كلَّ السياقاتِ فيها السلامُ على الأنبياء، وفي كل منها يُعَرِّفه بهم، وفي كلِّها يفرضُ عليه الصلوات. فكيف يمكن أن يدَّعي تعدُّدَ ذلك؟ هذا في غاية البُعْد والاستحالة. والله أعلم. ثم قال البخاري (٥) : حدَّثنا الحُميدي، حدَّثنا سفيان، عن عمرو، عن عكرمة، عن ابن عباس في قوله تعالى: ﴿وَمَا جَعَلْنَا الرُّؤْيَا الَّتِي أَرَيْنَاكَ إِلَّا فِتْنَةً لِلنَّاسِ﴾ [الإسراء: ٦٠] . قال: هي رُؤْيا عَيْن، أُريها رسولُ الله ﷺ ليلةَ أُسري بهِ إلى بيتِ المقدس؛ والشجرة الملعونةَ في القرآن. قال: هي شجرة الزَّقُّوم (٦) .
(١) في فتح الباري: بما. (٢) فتح الباري (٣٢٠٧) بدء الخلق باب ذكر الملائكة وفي الأنبياء (٣٣٩٣) و (٣٤٣٠)، وصحيح مسلم (١٦٤) و (٢٦٤) الإيمان باب الإسراء برسول الله ﷺ ، وجامع الترمذي (٣٣٤٦) التفسير باب ومن سورة ألم نشرح، وسنن النسائي (٤٤٨) الصلاة باب فرض الصلاة وذكر اختلاف الناقلين. (٣) تفسير ابن كثير (٤/ ٢٣٩) وما بعد عند سورة الإسراء. (٤) في ط: وتارة يحذف عن مخاطبه بما هو الأنفع عنده، والمثبت من ح. (٥) فتح الباري (٣٨٨٨) مناقب الأنصار باب المعراج. (٦) زادت نسخة ح هنا ما نصه: انفرد به البخاري، وليس كذلك، فقد رواه الترمذي عن ابن أبي عمر، حدَّثنا سفيان به.

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