than that he should listen to them.
When the Negus’s messenger came, the Muslims gathered and said to one another, “What shall we say?”
They answered, “By God, we shall say only what we know—the truth about our religion and what our Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, has brought. Whatever follows, follows.”
When they entered the royal court, the spokesman among them was Jaʿfar ibn Abī Ṭālib, may God be pleased with him.
The Negus asked, “What is this religion of yours? You have forsaken the faith of your people, yet you have not become Jews or Christians.”
Jaʿfar replied, “O King, we were a people sunk in ignorance. We worshiped idols, ate carrion, broke the bonds of kinship, abused our neighbours, and the strong among us preyed upon the weak, spilling blood at will. We recognised neither right nor wrong. Then God sent to us a Messenger from our own midst—one whose lineage, honesty and trustworthiness we all know. He called us to worship God alone, without partner; to maintain family ties; to honour our neighbours; to pray to God and to fast for Him, and never again to worship anything beside Him.
“He summoned us to acknowledge the oneness of God and renounce the stones and idols we and our fathers had served. He commanded us to speak the truth, fulfil trusts, keep kinship bonds, show good neighbourliness, and refrain from all that is forbidden and from shedding blood. He forbade us indecency, false speech, consuming the property of orphans, and slandering chaste women. He ordered us to worship God without associating anything with Him, and he instructed us to perform the prayer, to give alms, and to fast.” (Here Jaʿfar enumerated the pillars of Islam.)
“We believed him, accepted what he brought from God, and worshiped God alone. We declared unlawful whatever He has made unlawful and lawful whatever He has permitted. Our people then attacked us, torturing us so as to force us back to idolatry and to the abominations we had once deemed lawful. When they overpowered and persecuted us, barring us from our faith, we fled to your land, choosing you above all others, seeking your protection and hoping, O King, that we would suffer no wrong under you.”
The Negus asked, “Do you have with you any of what he has brought?” He had already summoned his bishops and ordered them to spread their scriptures around him.
Jaʿfar answered, “Yes.”
The king said, “Then recite it to me.” Jaʿfar recited a portion of the opening of Sūrah Maryam: “Kāf Hā Yā ʿAyn Ṣād. [This is] a mention of the mercy of your Lord to His servant Zachariah….”
By God, the Negus wept until his beard was wet, and his bishops wept until their scrolls were soaked with tears.
He then declared, “By God, this speech issues from the same lamp that brought Moses his message. Go, for you are safe. By God, I shall never hand you over to them, nor will I grant them any comfort against you.”
We left his presence, and the more God-fearing of the two envoys was ʿAbd Allāh ibn Abī Rabīʿah. ʿAmr ibn