Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

Some of his household related:

Abū Quḥāfah said to his son Abū Bakr, “My son, I see you setting weak people free. If you must do what you are doing, why not manumit sturdy men who could defend you and stand between you and harm?”

Abū Bakr replied, “Father, what I seek is precisely what I seek.”

It is said that the following verses were revealed about him and about what his father had said: “As for him who gives, is mindful of God, and affirms the best—We shall ease him toward ease” (Q 92:5–7), to the end of the sūrah.

It has already been mentioned that Imām Aḥmad and Ibn Mājah (1) transmitted, through the chain of ʿĀṣim ibn Bahdalah, from Zir, from Ibn Masʿūd, who said:

“The first to make Islam public were seven: the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, Abū Bakr, ʿAmmār, his mother Sumayyah, Suhayb, Bilāl, and al-Miqdād. As for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, Allah protected him by means of his uncle, and Abū Bakr Allah protected through his clan. The rest were seized by the idolaters, clad in iron coats of mail, and left to bake in the sun. None of them yielded to what the idolaters wanted except Bilāl: he counted his soul cheap for the sake of Allah Most High, and his people counted him cheap as well. They took him, handed him over to the boys, and they dragged him through the ravines of Mecca while he kept saying, ‘One, One!’”

Al-Thawrī also narrated it from Manṣūr, from Mujāhid, as a mursal report.

Ibn Isḥāq (2) said: “The Banū Makhzūm used to bring out ʿAmmār ibn Yāsir, his father, and his mother—who were a household committed to Islam—at the peak of the midday heat and torture them on the scorching ground of Mecca. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would pass by them and, so I have been told, say, ‘Patience, O family of Yāsir; your appointed place is Paradise.’”

Al-Bayhaqī (3) narrated—from al-Ḥākim, from Ibrāhīm ibn ʿIṣmah al-ʿAdl, who said: Sariyy ibn Khuzaymah told us, Muslim ibn Ibrāhīm told us, Hishām ibn Abī ʿAbd Allāh (4) told us, from Abū al-Zubayr, from Jābir—that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by ʿAmmār and his family while they were being tortured and said:

“Rejoice, O family of ʿAmmār and family of Yāsir (5); your promised meeting is Paradise.”

As for his mother, they killed her, yet she refused anything but Islam. (6)

Imām Aḥmad (7) said: Wakiʿ narrated to us, from Sufyān, from Manṣūr, from Mujāhid, who said: “The first martyr was in…"

(1) See above (p. 226) at footnotes (7) and (8) and what follows in brackets thereafter. Asim ibn Bahdala is the son of Abu al-Najud. (2) In al-Maghazi wa al-Siyar and in Ibn Hisham’s Sirah (vol. 1, pp. 319–320) and in al-Rawd (vol. 2, p. 68). (3) In Dalail al-Nubuwwah (vol. 2, p. 282). It was also transmitted by al-Hakim in al-Mustadrak (vol. 3, p. 388), who remarked: “Authentic according to the criterion of Muslim,” though neither Muslim nor al-Hakim included it in their compilations. al-Haythami cited it in Majma al-Zawaid (vol. 9, p. 293), noting: “At-Tabarani transmitted it in al-Awsat, and its narrators are those of the Sahih except for Ibrahim ibn Abd al-Aziz al-Muqawwam, who is reliable.” (4) In both the manuscript and printed editions it reads: Hisham ibn Abi Ubayd Allah. This isnad is corroborated in Dalail al-Nubuwwah and in al-Hakim’s al-Mustadrak, and his biography appears in Tahdhib al-Kamal (vol. 30, p. 215). (5) In Dalail al-Nubuwwah: “or the people of Yasir.” (6) This phrase appears as such in both the manuscript and printed editions, and is not found in al-Bayhaqi’s Dalail. (7) Thus in al-Usul; and al-Bayhaqi recorded it in Dalail (vol. 2, p. 282) from al-Husayn ibn Bushran, who said: “Abu Amr ibn al-Simmak informed us…”
بعض أهله، قال: قال أبو قحافةَ لابنه أبي بكر: يا بني إنِّي أراك تُعْتِقُ ضعافًا، فلو أنك إذْ فعلتَ ما فعلت أعتقتَ رجالًا جُلْدًا، يمنعونك ويقومون دونك؟ قال: فقال أبو بكر: يا أبة، إنِّي إنما أريدُ ما أريد. قال: فيتحدَّث أنه ما أنزل هؤلاءِ الآيات إلا فيه وفيما قال أبوه ﴿فَأَمَّا مَنْ أَعْطَى وَاتَّقَى (٥) وَصَدَّقَ بِالْحُسْنَى (٦) فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْيُسْرَى﴾ [الليل: ٥ - ٧] إلى آخر السورة. وقد تقدَّم ما رواه الإمام أحمد وابنُ ماجه (١) من حديث عاصم بن بَهْدَلة، عن زِرّ، عن ابن مسعود قال: أول من أظهر الإسلامَ سبعةٌ، رسولُ اللهِ ﷺ ، وأبو بكر، وعمار، وأمُّهُ سُمَيَّة، وصُهَيب، وبلال، والمِقْدَاد؛ فأما رسول الله ﷺ فمنعه الله بعمِّه، و [أما] أبو بكر منعه الله بقومه، وأما سائرهم فأخذَهُم المشركون فألبسوهم أدراعَ الحديد، وصهروهم في الشمس، فما منهم من أحدٍ إلا وقد واتاهم على ما أرادوا إلا بلالًا فإنَّه هانتْ عليه نفسُهُ في الله تعالى، وهان على قومه، فأخذوه، فأعطَوْه الولدان فجعلوا يطوفون به في شِعَابِ مكة وهو يقول: أحدٌ أحدٌ. ورواه الثَّوْري عن منصور عن مجاهد مرسلًا. قال ابنُ إسحاق (٢) : وكانتْ بنو مَخْزوم يخرجون بعمار بن ياسر وبأبيه وأمه -وكانوا أهلَ بيت إسلام- إذا حميتِ الظهيرة يعذِّبونهم برَمْضَاء مكة، فيمرُّ بهم رسولُ الله ﷺ فيقول -فيما بلغني-: "صبرًا آلَ ياسر، مَوْعِدُكُمُ الجنَّة" . وقد روى البيهقيُّ (٣) عن الحاكم، عن إبراهيم بن عِصْمَة العدل، حدَّثنا السَّرِيُّ بنُ خُزيمة، حدَّثنا مسلم بن إبراهيم، حدَّثنا هشام بن أبي عبد الله (٤) ، عن أبي الزُّبير، عن جابر، أنَّ رسولَ الله ﷺ مَرَّ بعمَّارٍ وأهله وهم يُعَذَّبون فقال: "أبشرُوا آلَ عمَّار وآل ياسر (٥) ، فإنَّ موعدَكُمُ الجنَّة" . فأما أمُّه فيقتلونها فتأبى إلا الإسلام (٦) . وقال الإمام أحمد (٧) : حدثنا وكيع عن سفيان عن منصور عن مجاهد قال: أول شهيدٍ كان في
(١) انظر ما تقدم (ص ٢٢٦) موضع الحاشية (٧ و ٨) وما يأتي بين معقوفين من ثم، وعاصم بن بهدلة هو ابن أبي النجود. (٢) في المغازي والسير وسيرة ابن هشام (١/ ٣١٩، ٣٢٠) والروض (٢/ ٦٨). (٣) في دلائل النبوة (٢/ ٢٨٢) وأخرجه الحاكم في المستدرك (٣/ ٣٨٨) وقال: صحيح على شرط مسلم ولم يخرجاه؛ وذكره الهيثمي في مجمع الزوائد (٩/ ٢٩٣) وقال: رواه الطبراني في الأوسط ورجاله رجال الصحيح غير إبراهيم بن عبد العزيز المقوم وهو ثقة. (٤) في ح، ط: هشام بن أبي عبيد الله، والمثبت من دلائل النبوة ومستدرك الحاكم وترجمته في تهذيب الكمال (٣٠/ ٢١٥). (٥) في دلائل النبوة: أو آل ياسر. (٦) كذا وردت هذه العبارة في ح، ط، وليس في دلائل البيهقي. (٧) كذا في الأصول، وأخرجه البيهقي في الدلائل (٢/ ٢٨٢) عن الحسين بن بشران قال: أخبرنا أبو عمرو بن السماك=

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