Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

He never heard a word of rejection or accusation of falsehood—anything that pained him—without Allah easing his distress through her. Whenever he returned to her, she would reassure him, lighten his burden, confirm his mission, and make light for him the affair of the people. May Allah be pleased with her and make her pleasing to Him.

Ibn Isḥāq relates: Hishām ibn ʿUrwah told me, on the authority of his father, from ʿAbd Allāh ibn Jaʿfar, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “I have been commanded to give Khadījah the glad tidings of a house of qasab in Paradise in which there is neither clamour nor fatigue.” This ḥadīth is recorded in the two Ṣaḥīḥs through the narration of Hishām. Ibn Hishām explained that qasab here means “a hollow pearl.”

Ibn Isḥāq also said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would speak privately to those members of his household in whom he had confidence, recounting the favour with which Allah had honoured him and all His servants by granting Prophethood.

Mūsā ibn ʿUqbah reports from al-Zuhrī: “Khadījah was the first to believe in Allah and to affirm His Messenger, before the prayer had been made obligatory.” I say: that is, before the five prescribed prayers were enjoined on the night of the Miʿrāj; the original obligation of prayer itself, however, was imposed during Khadījah’s lifetime, as we shall explain.

Ibn Isḥāq further said: Khadījah was the first to believe in Allah and His Messenger and to testify to what he brought.

Thereafter Gabriel came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when the prayer had been enjoined. He struck the ground with his heel at one side of the valley and a spring of Zamzam water burst forth. Gabriel and Muhammad ﷺ performed ablution, prayed two rakʿahs, and made four prostrations. The Prophet ﷺ then returned, his eyes cooled and his heart at ease, having received from Allah what he loved. He took Khadījah’s hand and led her to the spring; she performed ablution as Gabriel had done, then prayed two rakʿahs and four prostrations. From that time he and Khadījah would pray together in secret.

I say: This prayer of Gabriel is distinct from the two occasions on which he led the Prophet in prayer at the Kaʿbah, clarifying the beginning and end of the times of the five prayers. That occurred after the prayers had been prescribed on the night of the Miʿrāj. A full explanation will follow, if Allah wills; in Him we trust and upon Him we rely.

(1) Sīrah ibn Hishām, vol. 1, p. 241; al-Rawd, vol. 1, p. 277. (2) Fatḥ al-Bārī, hadith no. 3817, section “Merits of the Anṣār,” chapter “The Prophet’s ﷺ Marriage”; Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, hadith no. 2432, section “Virtues of the Companions,” chapter “Virtues of Khadījah, Mother of the Believers.” (3) Sīrah ibn Hishām, vol. 1, p. 243. (4) In the printed edition it reads “yudhkaru jamīʿ” (“all are mentioned”); this interpolation appears in neither H nor in Sīrah ibn Hishām. (5) Sīrah ibn Hishām, vol. 1, p. 240; al-Rawd, vol. 1, p. 277. (6) Sīrah ibn Hishām, vol. 1, p. 244; al-Rawd, vol. 1, p. 283 (similar reading). (7) It will appear on pp. 351–352 of this volume.
يكرهه، مِن ردٍّ عليه، وتكذيبٍ له فيحزنه ذلك، إلا فرَّج اللَّه عنه بها، إذا رجع إليها تثبته وتخفِّفُ عنه، وتصدِّقه وتهوِّن عليه أمر الناس، رضي للّه عنها وأرضاها. قال ابن إسحاق (١) : وحدثني هشام بن عروة، عن أبيه، عن عبد اللَّه بن جعفر قال: قال رسولُ اللَّه ﷺ : "أُمرتُ أنْ أُبَشِّرَ خديجةَ ببيتٍ من قصَب، لا صَخَب فيه ولا نصَب" . وهذا الحديث مخرَّجٌ في الصحيحَيْن (٢) من حديث هشام. قال ابنُ هشام: القصَب هاهنا: اللُّؤْلُؤ المجوَّف. قال ابن إسحاق (٣) : وجعل رسولُ اللَّه ﷺ يذكر (٤) ما أنعم اللَّه به عليه وعلى العباد من النبوة سرًا إلى من يطمئن إليه من أهله. وقال موسى بن عقبة عن الزُّهْري: كانت خديجةُ أولَ من آمن باللّه وصدَّق رسوله، قبل أن تُفرَض الصلاة. قلت: يعني الصلواتِ الخمس ليلةَ الإسراء. فأمَّا أصْلُ الصلاة فقد وجب في حياةِ خديجةَ (عليه السلام) كما سنبيِّنهُ. وقال ابن إسحاق (٥) : وكانت خديجةُ أولَ من آمن باللّه ورسوله، وصدَّق بما جاء به. ثم إنّ (٦) جبريل أتى رسولَ اللَّه ﷺ حين افتُرضتْ عليه الصلاة فهمَزَ له بِعَقبه في ناحيةِ الوادي فانفجرتْ له عينٌ من ماء زَمْزَم، فتوضَّأ جبريلُ ومحمد (رحمه الله) ، ثم صلَّى ركعتَيْن وسجد أربع سجدات، ثم رجع النبيُّ ﷺ قد أقرَّ اللَّه عينَه، وطابتْ نفسُه، وجاءه ما يُحبُّ من اللَّه، فأخذ يدَ خديجة حتَّى أتى بها إلى العين، فتوضَّأ كما توضَّأ جبريل، ثم ركع ركعتَيْن وأربع سجدات، ثم كان هو وخديجة يصلِّيان سرًّا. قلت: صلاةُ جبريلَ هذه غيرُ الصلاة التي صلاها به عند البيت مرَّتيْن، فبيَّن له أوقاتِ الصلوات الخمس، أولها وآخرها، فإنَّ ذلك كان بعد فرضيَّتها ليلة الإسراء، وسيأتي بيانُ ذلك إنْ شاء اللَّه وبه الثقة، وعليه التكلال (٧) .
(١) سيرة ابن هشام (١/ ٢٤١) والروض (١/ ٢٧٧). (٢) فتح الباري (٣٨١٧) مناقب الأنصار باب تزويج النبي ﷺ وصحيح مسلم (٢٤٣٢) فضائل الصحابة باب فضائل خديجة أم المؤمنين. (٣) سيرة ابن هشام (١/ ٢٤٣). (٤) في ط: يذكر جميع. وليست هذه الزيادة في ح ولا في سيرة ابن هشام. (٥) سيرة ابن هشام (١/ ٢٤٠) والروض (١/ ٢٧٧). (٦) سيرة ابن هشام (١/ ٢٤٤) والروض (١/ ٢٨٣) بنحوه. (٧) سيأتي في ص (٣٥١، ٣٥٢) من هذا الجزء.

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