except that events always unfolded exactly as he had assumed. One day, while ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb was sitting, a strikingly handsome man passed by. ʿUmar remarked,
“My surmise has failed me! Either this man still follows his old religion, or he used to be their soothsayer. Bring that man to me.”
When the man was brought and ʿUmar repeated his words to him, the man replied, “Never in my life have I seen a Muslim greeted the way I have been greeted today.”
ʿUmar said, “I adjure you—tell me the truth.”
The man answered, “I was indeed their soothsayer in the Age of Ignorance.”
ʿUmar asked, “What is the most astonishing thing your familiar spirit from among the jinn ever told you?”
He replied, “One day while I was in the marketplace, she came to me—and I could see terror upon her—and she said:
‘Have you not beheld the jinn in their dismay,
their despair after the blow that cast them low,
and how they flee to the swift she-camels and their saddle-cloths?’”
(1) In manuscript h and in t: fudaʿiya bihi; in Fath al-Bāri: fudʿiya lahu. The man in question is Suwad ibn Qarib, as will be explained below and as noted in Fath al-Bāri.
(2) In al-Bukhari’s recension it reads istuqbila bihi rajulun muslimun (“it was received by a Muslim man”). Ibn Hajar observes that in the versions of al-Nasafi and Abu Dharr it appears as rajulan musliman. I have encountered an emendation to istuqbila (with the tāʾ fatḥa) cast in the active voice; the subject is omitted but implied (e.g. “someone”). Al-Karmani vocalizes it as istuqbila with the tāʾ damma and parses rajulan musliman as the object of raʾaytu (“I saw”), so that the pronoun bihi refers back to “the narration,” as indicated by context.
(3) Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani writes in Fath al-Bāri (7:179–80) that the kahīn (soothsayer) claims knowledge of the unseen. He notes that Suwad ibn Qarib was discreet when ʿUmar ibn al-Khattāb questioned him about soothsaying—an act of shirk—and, under pressure, mentioned the latest occurrence he had witnessed, namely the announcement of Muḥammad’s prophethood, which led to his conversion. Ibn Hajar further explains (10:216–17) that kahāna (soothsaying) denotes claiming to foretell earthly events by attributing them to a cause, originating in jinn eavesdropping on angelic discourse and conveying it to humans—until Islam barred their access with shooting stars (Qurʾān 15:18). He categorizes four types: (1) information relayed by jinn; (2) what a jinni informs its devotee of hidden matters; (3) conjectural or intuitive deductions; (4) inferences based on experience and habit, sometimes resembling magic or employing incantations and astrology—all of which are reprehensible. He then cites a hadith, authenticated by al-Ḥākim, stating: “Whoever consults a kahīn or fortune-teller and believes what he says has disbelieved in what was revealed to Muḥammad,” and provides several supporting reports.
(4) “Iblāsuha”: her bewilderment and astonishment. See al-Nihāya (vol. 1, p. 152, entry bls).
(5) “al-ya’s” (despair) is the opposite of rajaʾ (hope), and “al-inksār” (reversal) denotes turning away. Ibn al-Fāris explains that it signifies her despair of eavesdropping after having grown accustomed to it, leading her to abandon it because she despaired of hearing (Fath al-Bāri 7:180).
(6) “al-qilās” (pl. of qulūs) denotes young she-camels among the dromedaries; “al-ahlās” (pl. of hilz) denotes the load placed on them.