Al-Bidayah wa an-NihayahIbn Kathir

— Mudrik, on the authority of Abū Zurʿah, from Abū Hurayrah:

God says, “You were not at the side of the Mount when We called” (al-Qaṣaṣ 28:46). Abū Hurayrah explained: “They were called: ‘O community of Muḥammad, I answered you before you called upon Me, and I granted you before you asked of Me.’”

Wahb ibn Munabbih also related that God—mighty and exalted—revealed to David in the Psalms:

“O David, after you there shall come a Prophet whose name is Aḥmad, Muḥammad—truthful and noble. I shall never be angry with him, nor will he ever disobey Me. I have forgiven him, before he ever disobeyed, whatever sins came before and whatever may come after. His community is a community shown mercy: I have granted them in voluntary acts of devotion what I granted the Prophets, and I have imposed upon them the obligatory duties I imposed upon the Prophets and Messengers, so that they will come to Me on the Day of Resurrection and their light will be like the light of the Prophets.”

The revelation continued: “O David, I have preferred Muḥammad and his community over all other communities.”

That his description is found in the scriptures of the People of the Book is something necessarily known in religion. Many verses of the Noble Qur’an attest to this; we have discussed them in their proper places—praise be to God. Among them are His words:

“Those to whom We gave the Scripture before it truly believe in it; and when it is recited to them they say, ‘We believe in it; indeed, it is the truth from our Lord. We had already been Muslims before it came.’” (al-Qaṣaṣ 28:52–53)

And His words:

“Those to whom We have given the Book recognize him as they recognize their own sons, yet a group of them knowingly conceal the truth.” (al-Baqarah 2:146)

And His words:

“Those who were given knowledge before it, when it is recited to them, fall down upon their faces in prostration and say, ‘Glory be to our Lord! The promise of our Lord has indeed been fulfilled.’” (al-Isrāʾ 17:107–108)

That is, if our Lord promised us the advent and commissioning of Muḥammad, it is sure to occur; exalted is the All-Powerful—nothing can thwart Him.

He likewise said, describing the priests and monks:

“When they hear what has been sent down to the Messenger, you see their eyes overflow with tears because of the truth they recognize. They say, ‘Our Lord, we believe; so write us down among the witnesses.’” (al-Māʾidah 5:83)

In the stories of the Negus, Salmān, ʿAbd Allāh ibn Salām, and others—details of which will follow—there are many corroborating proofs of this; to God belong all praise and favor.

Within the accounts of the Prophets we have already cited their descriptions of the sending of God’s Messenger ﷺ—his characteristics, the city of his birth, the place of his migration, and the traits of his community—in the stories of Moses, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Daniel, and others. God the Exalted also tells us of the last and seal of the prophets of the Children of Israel, Jesus son of Mary, that he stood among them and said:

“I am indeed God’s Messenger to you, confirming what lies before me of the Torah and bringing glad tidings of a Messenger who will come after me, whose name is Aḥmad.” (al-Ṣaff 61:6)

Likewise, the Gospel contains the glad tidings of the Paraclete, and that refers to Muḥammad ﷺ.

(1) Dalāʾil al-Bayhaqi (vol. 1, p. 380). (2) As in manuscript H and the printed edition ṭ—and likewise in Dalāʾil al-Bayhaqi—the name appears as Ahmad and Muhammad. (3) In the printed edition (ṭ): “wa la yaghḍibani” (and may He not be angry with me), a reading also supported by manuscript H. (4) It is also rendered with a b as “al-bārqilīṭ,” according to the reading of manuscript H.
مُدْرك، عن أبي زُرْعة، عن أبي هريرة: ﴿وَمَا كُنْتَ بِجَانِبِ الطُّورِ إِذْ نَادَيْنَا﴾ [القصص: ٤٦] قال: نُودوا: يا أمَّةَ محمد، استجَبْتُ لكُمْ قبلَ أنْ تدعُوني، وأعطيتكُم قبل أنْ تسألوني. وذكر وَهْبُ بن مُنَبِّه (١) أنَّ الله تعالى أوحى إلى داود في الزَّبُور: يا داود إنَّهُ سيأتي من بَعْدِك نبيٌّ اسْمُه أحمد ومحمد (٢) ، صادقًا سيِّدًا، لا أغضَبُ عليه أبدًا، ولا يعصيني (٣) أبدًا، وقد غفرتُ له قبلَ أن يعصِيَني ما تقدَّم من ذنبِه وما تأخَّر، وأمَّتُه مَرْحُومة، أعطيتُهم من النوافِل مثلَ ما أعْطيتُ الأنبياء، وفرضْتُ عليهم الفرائضَ التي افترضتُ على الأنبياءِ والرُّسُل، حتى يأتوني يومَ القيامةِ ونورهُمْ مِثْلُ نورِ الأنبياء. إلى أن قال: يا داود، إني فضَّلْتُ محمدًا وأُمَّتَه على الأمم كلها. والعِلْمُ بأنه موجودٌ في كُتب أهل الكتاب مَعْلُومٌ من الدِّين ضَرُورةً، وقد دلَّ على ذلك آياتٌ كثيرة في الكتاب العزيز تكلَّمنا عليها في مواضعها ولله الحمد. فمن ذلك قوله: ﴿الَّذِينَ آتَيْنَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ هُمْ بِهِ يُؤْمِنُونَ (٥٢) وَإِذَا يُتْلَى عَلَيْهِمْ قَالُوا آمَنَّا بِهِ إِنَّهُ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّنَا إِنَّا كُنَّا مِنْ قَبْلِهِ مُسْلِمِينَ (٥٣) ﴾ [القصص: ٥٢، ٥٣] . وقال تعالى: ﴿الَّذِينَ آتَيْنَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ يَعْرِفُونَهُ كَمَا يَعْرِفُونَ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ وَإِنَّ فَرِيقًا مِنْهُمْ لَيَكْتُمُونَ الْحَقَّ وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ (١٤٦) ﴾ [البقرة: ١٤٦] . وقال تعالى: ﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْعِلْمَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ إِذَا يُتْلَى عَلَيْهِمْ يَخِرُّونَ لِلْأَذْقَانِ سُجَّدًا (١٠٧) وَيَقُولُونَ سُبْحَانَ رَبِّنَا إِنْ كَانَ وَعْدُ رَبِّنَا لَمَفْعُولًا (١٠٨) ﴾ [الإسراء: ١٠٧، ١٠٨] . أي إنْ كان وَعَدنا ربُّنا بوجودِ محمدٍ وإرساله لكائنٌ لا محالة؛ فسبحان القدير على ما يشاء لا يُعجِزُه شيء. وقال تعالى إخبارًا عن القِسِّيسينَ والرُّهْبان: ﴿وَإِذَا سَمِعُوا مَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ تَرَى أَعْيُنَهُمْ تَفِيضُ مِنَ الدَّمْعِ مِمَّا عَرَفُوا مِنَ الْحَقِّ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا آمَنَّا فَاكْتُبْنَا مَعَ الشَّاهِدِينَ (٨٣) ﴾ [المائدة: ٨٣] . وفي قصَّة النَّجاشي وسَلْمان وعبد اللّه بن سَلام وغيرِهم كما سيأتي شواهدُ كثيرةٌ لهذا المَعْنى وللّه الحَمْدُ والمِنَّة. وذكَرْنا في تضاعيف قصص الأنبياء ما تقدَّم الإشارة إليه من وصْفِهم لبعثةِ رسولِ اللّه ﷺ ونَعْته، وبلد مولده ودار مُهاجَرِه، ونعت أُمَّتِه في قصة موسى وشعيا وأرميا ودانيال وغيرهم، وقد أخبر اللّهُ تعالى عن آخر أنبياءِ بني إسرائيل وخاتمهم عيسى ابن مريم، أنه قام في بني إسرائيل خَطيبًا قائلًا لهم: ﴿إِنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ مُصَدِّقًا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيَّ مِنَ التَّوْرَاةِ وَمُبَشِّرًا بِرَسُولٍ يَأْتِي مِنْ بَعْدِي اسْمُهُ أَحْمَد﴾ [الصف: ٦] . وفي الإنجيل البِشارة بالفارقليط (٤) والمرادُ به محمد ﷺ .
(١) دلائل البيهقي (١/ ٣٨٠). (٢) كذا في ح، ط، وفي دلائل البيهقي: يسمى أحمد ومحمدًا. (٣) في ط: ولا يغضبني، والمثبت من ح. (٤) ويقال بالباء: البارقليط، وهي رواية ح.

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