First: Among the outward manifestations of giving walāʾ to the disbelievers:

1. Imitating them in dress, speech, and other matters. Such imitation shows love for the one imitated, and for this reason the Prophet ﷺ said, “Whoever imitates a people is counted among them.” Therefore, it is forbidden to imitate the disbelievers in anything that is unique to them in their customs or acts of worship, in their appearance or manners—such as shaving the beard and lengthening the mustache, speaking their language without necessity, or adopting their particular styles of clothing, food, drink, and the like.

2. Residing in their lands and failing to move from them to Muslim lands for the sake of preserving one’s religion; for migration in this sense and for this objective is obligatory upon the Muslim, because living in the lands of the disbelievers indicates