Tafsīr al-FātiḥahIbn Rajab al-Hanbali

and He did not grant it to anyone before the community of Muhammad ﷺ. Narrated by Abu ʿUbayd (1).

The third virtue: it comes from a treasure beneath the Throne. We have transmitted, through Ṣāliḥ al-Murrī, from Thābit al-Bunānī, from Anas, that the Prophet ﷺ said, “Among the favors with which Allah has honored me is His statement: ‘I have given you the Opening of the Book; it is one of the treasures of My Throne, and I have divided it between Me and you into two halves.’”

ʿAli d. d. reported that the Prophet ﷺ said, “The Opening of the Book, the Throne Verse, ‘Allah bears witness that there is no deity but He’ (Āl ʿImrān 18), and ‘Say: O Allah, Master of sovereignty…’ (Āl ʿImrān 26) are verses suspended from the Throne; there is no veil between them and Allah.” This was recorded by Abu ʿAmr al-Dānī with his chain in Kitāb al-Bayān (2).

The fourth virtue: this surah is singled out for intimate discourse (munājāh) with the Lord, exalted be He, which is why the prayer is distinguished by it. When a worshiper prays, he converses with his Lord, and the servant addresses his Lord only with the noblest and most excellent of speech. The surah is divided between the servant and the Lord into two halves: the first half is praise of the Lord, and the Lord—exalted is He—hears the servant’s address, replies to him, and listens

(1) Fadaʾil al-Quran, p. 118. (2) Al-Bayan fi ʿAdd Ayi al-Quran, p. 28.
لهم ولم يُعْطها أحدٌ قبل أمَّة محمدٍ ﷺ. رواهُ أبو عُبَيْدٍ (١). الفضيلةُ الثالثة: أنَّها من كنزٍ من تحتِ العَرش، رَوينا من طريق صالحٍ المُرِّيِّ عن ثابتٍ البُنانيِّ عن أنسٍ عن النبيِّ ﷺ قال: «إنَّ الله ﷿ أعطاني فيما مَنَّ بهِ عليَّ: إنِّي أَعطيتُك فاتحةَ الكتابِ، هي مِنْ كنوزِ عَرشِي، قسمْتُها بَيني وبَينكَ نصْفين». وعن عليِّ ﵁ أنَّ النبيَّ ﷺ قال: فاتحةُ الكتابِ، وآيةُ الكرسي، و ﴿شَهِدَ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ﴾ [آل عمران: ١٨]، و ﴿قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ مَالِكَ الْمُلْكِ﴾ [آل عمران: ٢٦]؛ هذه الآيات مُعَلَّقات بالعرشِ ليسَ بينهنَّ وبين الله حِجَابٌ. أخرجه أبو عَمرو الدَّانيِّ بإسنادِهِ في «كتاب البيان» (٢) له. الفضيلةُ الرَّابعة: أنَّ هذه السُّورة مختصَّةٌ بمُناجاةِ الرَّبِّ تعالى، ولهذا اختصَّت الصَّلاةُ بها، فإنَّ المصلِّي يُناجي رَبَّه، وإنَّما يُناجي العبدُ رَبَّه بأفضلِ الكلامِ وأشرفِه، وهي مقسومةٌ بينَ العبدِ والرَّبِ نصفين، فنصفُها الأوَّل ثناءٌ للرَّبِّ ﷿، والرَّبُّ تعالى يَسمَعُ مُنَاجَاة العَبدِ له، ويردُّ على المناجِي جوابَه ويسمعُ
(١) «فضائل القرآن» (١١٨). (٢) «البيان في عد آي القرآن» (٢٨).

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