Al-Bukhari (1) and Muslim also transmit it from him (2). Ḥammād ibn Salamah likewise collected these reports and related them, as did Sulaymān ibn Ḥarb and others of comparable rank. In their estimation, therefore, a criticism of this sort is unwarranted. Furthermore, the expression “the people of Hell” is not applied to the monotheists; it is reserved for those other than them, just as the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said:
“As for the people of Hell who truly belong to it, they will neither die therein nor live.” (3)
His words, “they will emerge from it,” mean that they will come out of Hell once its punishment has perished, been exhausted, and come to an end. Those who are its people, however, will not be brought out of it—that is, out of Hell—but will abide therein forever, exactly as Allah, exalted is He, has declared.
When its appointed term expires and it passes away as this world passes away, no torment will remain in it. The created realm is not annihilated; Hell is situated within the earth, and the earth itself is not obliterated in its entirety—its extinction consists, rather, in its condition being altered (4), transformed from one state to another (5), as the Most High has said:
“Everyone upon it is perishing.” (6)
Thus they are not reduced to non-existence (7); instead, they die and are destroyed, as the Most High has said:
“Whatever is with you will pass away, whereas what is with Allah is everlasting.” (8)