which the ignorant among the Sufis invented, is analogous to what their counterparts—the Peripatetic philosophers and their followers—exalt: the immaterial substance. This is what they claim concerning the soul and the intellects: that they are something neither within the world nor outside it, neither moving nor motionless, neither connected to anything else nor separate from it, and other such nonsense. What these people say in affirming this immaterial substance is like what the others say concerning the indivisible substance.

Both groups then claim that this is the true nature of the human being. The former claim that it is this immaterial substance, while the latter say that it is a single, discrete substance, or a collection of substances in each of which life, knowledge, and power subsist; alternatively, the accidents that presuppose life subsist in some of them, while the corresponding judgment applies to the whole. Upon these doctrines they base their account of the resurrection.