the Mu‘tazilah, their jurist and devout worshipper. When a report from Ibn ‘Umar contradicting his view was mentioned to him, he said, “Ibn ‘Umar was a Hashwī”—a designation derived from hashw, meaning the common people and the masses. For sects that consider themselves distinguished by a doctrine setting them apart from the Muslim community at large apply names of this kind to the latter. Thus, the Rāfidah call them