some parts of the world, its falsity is self-evident—for example, the claim that a human being could exist with a constitution different from the one he has. In other parts, the matter is doubtful—for example, whether eastward motion could be westward and westward motion eastward. This is not self-evident, since there may be a cause for it whose existence is not self-evident, or one of the causes hidden from human beings.

What initially occurs to someone examining these things seems comparable to what occurs to someone who examines the parts of artifacts without being versed in the relevant crafts. If such a person initially supposes that those artifacts, in part or as a whole, could be otherwise than they are, while still performing precisely the function for which they were made—that is, fulfilling their purpose—then, in his view, there is no place for wisdom in the artifact.

The craftsman, however, and anyone who shares some of his knowledge of the craft, can see that the opposite is true: everything in the artifact is either indispensable or serves to make it more complete and better, even if not