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Ibn Sīnā said:

“A Reminder

Do you know what a king is? The true King is truly and absolutely self-sufficient, while nothing is independent of Him in any respect. The very essence of everything belongs to Him, for either it comes from Him, or the source of its essence comes from Him. Thus, everything other than Him is owned by Him, while He has no need of anything.”

Al-Rāzī said:

“The purpose here is to explain the essential nature of a king. Two aspects are involved:

The first is negative: he is absolutely independent of everything other than himself.

The second is relational: everything other than him depends upon him, whether through an intermediary or without one.”

I say: This proposition is generally agreed upon among Muslims and adherents of other religions. Indeed, even the polytheists among the Arabs and other peoples acknowledge it, as Allah, Most High and Most Holy, says:

“Say, ‘To whom belong the earth and whoever is in it, if you know?’ (84) They will say, ‘To Allah.’ Say, ‘Will you not then take heed?’ (85) Say, ‘Who is Lord of the heavens