and more widely known. To call rational and transmitted evidence conclusive means only that it establishes what the speaker intends. If the speaker is among those whose intended meaning is known to be true and who are protected from falsehood, whether deliberate or inadvertent, in what they convey and report from Allah Most High, and they have reported this intended meaning from Allah Most High, then we know with certainty that it is true in reality. But if the speaker is not of this kind and may err, we can be certain of what he intends without thereby affirming that it is correct and true.

Moreover, transmitted evidence establishes matters in two ways. Sometimes it does so through the report alone, for whatever the truthful and trustworthy one reports can only be true. At other times, he has explained the rational evidence establishing what he reports or demonstrating its possibility. The Quran is filled with rational evidence: the signs of Allah Most High that point to Him, His oneness, His knowledge, power, will, wisdom and mercy, and indicate His commands, prohibitions, permissions, promises and warnings. The same is true of what He creates in the way of