Thus, this classification yields four kinds of expression: unequivocal, apparent, indeterminate, and interpreted. Unequivocal and apparent expressions both favor a particular meaning, but an unequivocal expression rules out the opposite meaning, whereas an apparent expression does not. This shared feature is what is termed ‘clear.’ As for indeterminate and interpreted expressions, they share the fact that the meaning in question is not favored by the wording. In an indeterminate expression, however, neither meaning is favored over the other. Their common feature—namely, that the meaning in question is not favored—is what is termed ‘ambiguous,’ since understanding is lacking in such a case.”

This account is open to many objections. First, it contradicts his explanation of the clear and the ambiguous immediately after this section, for in the following section he states that the ambiguous is