, touched or smelled, so I am not obliged to affirm it.’”

He also said, concerning the question of establishing that Allah, Mighty and Majestic, is All-Hearing and All-Seeing, after presenting the rational argument and the objections to it: “Moreover, even if we concede that this argument establishes that the Creator is All-Hearing and All-Seeing, it also entails that He possesses perception through smell, taste and touch.”

He said: “The scholars of our school have been inconsistent on this matter, but the logical implication of their position requires affirming it, as is the position of al-Qādī, Imām al-Haramayn and others.”