Bayān Talbīs al-JahmiyyaIbn Taimiya

He may be told: By that, do you mean physical contact and contiguity, or facing one another and proximity? If you mean the latter, those who affirm that Allah Most High is above the Throne do not dispute that the essences of His servants are sometimes nearer to the Essence of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, and sometimes farther away. It is well known that when one essence draws near to another, the other is thereby near to it. Some of them have disputed only whether Allah’s Essence itself draws near to His servants, although the majority affirm this. These positions are transmitted from the early generations of the Muslim community and its leading scholars. They are upheld by the great majority of hadith scholars, the leading jurists and Sufis, and a group of speculative theologians.

But if you mean meeting through adjacency and physical contact between the two essences, there are two answers. The first is that this is not a necessary element in the meaning of the word “meeting.” Allah Most High says:

“When you meet those who disbelieve advancing in battle, do not turn your backs to them.” (15) [al-Anfāl 15]

It is well known that this can occur without separation between the essences. Allah Most High also says:

“When you meet a force, stand firm.” [al-Anfāl 45]

And Allah Most High says:

“There has already been a sign for you in the two forces that met.” [Āl ‘Imrān 13]

يقال له إما أن تعني بذلك المماسة والاتصال أو تعني به المواجهة أو المقاربة فإن عنيت الثاني فلا نزاع بين القائلين إن الله تعالى على العرش وأن ذوات العباد تقرب من ذات الله عز وجل تارة وتبعد أخرى ومن المعلوم أن إحدى الذاتين إذا قربت من الأخرى صارت الأخرى منها قريبة وإنما نازع بعضهم في أن ذات الله عز وجل نفسها هل تدنو من العباد مع أن جمهورهم يثبتون ذلك وهذه الأقوال المحفوظة عن سلف الأمة وأئمتها وهي مذهب جماهير أهل الحديث وأئمة الفقهاء والصوفية وطائفة من أهل الكلام وإن عنيت بالملاقاة على سبيل المجاورة ومماسة إحدى الذاتين للأخرى ففيه جوابان أحدهما أن هذا لا يشترط في معنى لفظ اللقاء قال تعالى إِذَا لَقِيتُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا زَحْفًا فَلَا تُوَلُّوهُمُ الْأَدْبَارَ (١٥) [الأنفال ١٥] ومعلوم أن هذا يكون بدون تباين الذوات وقال تعالى إِذَا لَقِيتُمْ فِئَةً فَاثْبُتُوا [الأنفال ٤٥] وقال تعالى قَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ آيَةٌ فِي فِئَتَيْنِ الْتَقَتَا [آل عمران ١٣]

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