Bayān Talbīs al-JahmiyyaIbn Taimiya

by the basic rules of language, in both literal and figurative usage.

Third: when “hand” is used to mean a favor, contextual indications make that meaning clear, as with all figurative expressions. For example, when someone says, “Your hands [favors] upon us are many,” the context is one of praise; there is nothing praiseworthy in his actual hand being above someone; and he does not have many hands. These and other indications make clear that those addressing him mean, “Your favor and kindness have overwhelmed and overshadowed us.” Thus this meaning is apparent in such speech, even if it is called figurative. How, then, can this be compared with his words, “He placed His hand between my shoulders until I felt the coolness of His fingertips between my breasts”?!

Fourth: had the wording been, “Then He lavished His favors upon me,” or something similar, his interpretation would have had some basis. But could “until I felt the coolness of His fingertips between my shoulders” possibly refer merely to His bestowing a favor?

Fifth: the favor that He bestowed upon him must either be a substance

بالضرورة من اللغة حقيقة ومجازًا. الثالث أن اليد إذا عُبِّر بها عن النعمة كان معها من القرائن ما يبين ذلك كسائر ألفاظ المجاز كما أنه إذا قال أياديك علينا كثيرة مع كون هذا في سياق المدح وأن ليس في كون ذات يده فوقه شيء من المدح وأنه ليس له أياد كثيرة وغير ذلك مما يبين أن المخاطبين قصدوا أن نعمتك وإحسانك قد استولى علينا واستعلى علينا ولهذا كان هذا المعنى ظاهرًا في مثل هذا الخطاب وإن سمِّي مجازًا فأين هذا من قوله فوضع يده بين كتفي حتى وجدت برد أنامله بين ثديي؟! الرابع أنه لو قيل فأسبغ على أياديه ونحو ذلك لكان لقوله وجه أما حتى وجدت برد أنامله بين كتفي فهل هذا يحتمل أن يكون المراد مجرد إنعامه؟ الخامس أن النعمة التي أنعم بها عليه إما أن تكون جوهرًا

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