individual by more than one narrator. However, taken together, the chains of transmission revealed the mistakes that had occurred in some of them.

Abū Bakr ibn Khuzayma said: “Mu‘āwiya ibn Sālih also narrated from Abū Yahyā—who, in my view, is Sulaym ibn ‘Āmir—from Abū Yazīd, from Abū Sallām al-Habashī, that he heard Thawbān, the freedman of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), say that