is less evident than the premise itself, is to reverse the proper order. Rather, if this necessary connection holds, some of what the philosophers say would be sounder than what you say, you who debate them. Allah Most High has not commanded us to counter false claims—whether those of the disbelievers or others—with false claims. Rather, He has commanded us to uphold justice steadfastly, bearing witness for Allah, to say nothing about Allah except the truth, and not to pursue that of which we have no knowledge.
Allah Most High says:
“Say, ‘My Lord has commanded justice. Direct your faces toward Him at every place of worship.’”
[al-A‘rāf: 29]
And He says:
“When you speak, be just.”
[al-An‘ām: 152]
And He says:
“O you who believe, stand firm for Allah, bearing witness in justice, and do not let hatred of a people lead you to be unjust. Be just; that is nearer to righteousness. And fear Allah.”
[al-Mā’idah: 8]
And He says:
“Say, ‘My Lord has only forbidden shameful deeds, whether open or concealed, sin, unjust aggression, associating with Allah that for which He has sent down no authority, and saying about Allah what you do not know.’ (33)”
[al-A‘rāf: 33]
And He says:
“Do not pursue that of which you have no knowledge.”
[al-Isrā’: 36]
And He says:
“Was not the covenant of the Scripture taken from them that they would say nothing about Allah except the truth?”
[al-A‘rāf: 169]
And He says:
“O People of the Scripture, do not go to excess in your religion, and say nothing about Allah except the truth.”
[al-Nisā’: 171]
And He says:
“That is because those who disbelieve follow falsehood, while those who believe follow the truth from their Lord.”
[Muhammad: 3]
And He says:
“Indeed, We have sent you with the truth as a bearer of good tidings and a warner.”
[Fātir: 24]
And He says:
“With the truth We sent it down, and with the truth it descended.”
[al-Isrā’: 105]
And He says:
“Fight in the way of Allah those who fight you, but do not transgress. Indeed, Allah does not love transgressors.”
[al-Baqarah: 190]
And He says:
“Call to the way of your Lord with wisdom and good instruction, and argue with them in a manner that