that they disagreed over whether he saw Him with his heart. It is also possible that they disagreed over affirming the vision, whether without qualification or with qualification, and over denying it without qualification. However, his settled position was to affirm the authentic hadiths transmitted on this subject and to refute those who denied what they entail.

Al-Khallāl said: Abū Bakr al-Marwudhī informed us, saying: I read to Abū Abd Allāh. Abd Allāh ibn Ahmad also informed us, saying: I read to Abū Qurrah al-Zabīdī, from Ibn Jurayj, who said: Atā informed me that he heard Ibn Abbās say, “Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) saw his Lord twice.”

Abd Allāh ibn Ahmad added: Nasr ibn Alī narrated to us, saying: Ashath ibn Abd Allāh narrated to us, saying: Ismāīl ibn Abī Khālid narrated to us, from al-Shabī, from Abd Allāh ibn