in His image.’ His image is none other than the Divine Presence. Thus, within this noble epitome—the Perfect Man—He brought into being all the divine names and the realities of everything outside him in the separate macrocosm. He made him the spirit of the world and subjected the higher and lower realms to him because of the perfection of his form. Just as nothing in the world fails to glorify Him with praise, so nothing in the world is exempt from being subjected to this human being, as the reality of his form entails. Allah Most High said:

“And He has subjected to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth—all from Him.” [al-Jāthiyah 13]

Everything in the world is therefore subject to man. Whoever knows this is the Perfect Man, while whoever is ignorant of it is the animal man.