Bayān Talbīs al-JahmiyyaIbn Taimiya

the Scripture.” [al-A'rāf 169]

Allah Most High also says:

“He is the One who made you successors on earth. Whoever disbelieves will bear the consequences of his disbelief. The disbelievers’ disbelief only makes them more detestable to their Lord, and their disbelief only increases their loss.” (39) [Fātir 39]

Allah Most High also says:

“Blame falls only on those who ask your permission to stay behind though they are wealthy. They are content to be with those who stay behind.” [al-Tawbah 93]

He also says:

“If Allah brings you back to a group of them and they ask your permission to go forth, say, ‘You shall never go forth with me, nor shall you ever fight an enemy alongside me. You were content to remain behind the first time, so remain with those who stay behind.’” [al-Tawbah 83]

For this reason, when al-Siddīq was addressed as “O successor to Allah,” he replied, “I am not the successor to Allah, but the successor to Allah’s Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. That is sufficient for me.” Allah, however, glorified is He, is described as one who stands in another’s place and as a replacement for others. Thus, it is authentically reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to say: “O Allah, You are the companion on the journey, and You are the one who takes our place in caring for our families. O Allah, accompany us on

الْكِتَابَ [الأعراف ١٦٩] وقال تعالى هُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَكُمْ خَلَائِفَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَمَنْ كَفَرَ فَعَلَيْهِ كُفْرُهُ وَلَا يَزِيدُ الْكَافِرِينَ كُفْرُهُمْ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ إِلَّا مَقْتًا وَلَا يَزِيدُ الْكَافِرِينَ كُفْرُهُمْ إِلَّا خَسَارًا (٣٩) [فاطر ٣٩] وقال تعالى إِنَّمَا السَّبِيلُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ يَسْتَأْذِنُونَكَ وَهُمْ أَغْنِيَاءُ رَضُوا بِأَنْ يَكُونُوا مَعَ الْخَوَالِفِ [التوبة ٩٣] وقال فَإِنْ رَجَعَكَ اللَّهُ إِلَى طَائِفَةٍ مِنْهُمْ فَاسْتَأْذَنُوكَ لِلْخُرُوجِ فَقُلْ لَنْ تَخْرُجُوا مَعِيَ أَبَدًا وَلَنْ تُقَاتِلُوا مَعِيَ عَدُوًّا إِنَّكُمْ رَضِيتُمْ بِالْقُعُودِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ فَاقْعُدُوا مَعَ الْخَالِفِينَ [التوبة ٨٣] ولهذا قيل للصديق يا خليفة الله فقال لست بخليفة الله ولكن خليفة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وحسبي ذلك ولكن الله سبحانه يوصف بأنه خليفة وبأنه خلف من غيره كما ثبت عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أنه كان يقول اللهم أنت الصاحب في السفر وأنت الخليفة في الأهل اللهم اصحبنا في

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