Bayān Talbīs al-JahmiyyaIbn Taimiya

any lord other than Allah at any time?

“And He is the Lord of all things. Every soul earns only to its own account, and no bearer of burdens shall bear another’s burden.” [al-An‘ām 164]

The Most High has also said:

“Thus We have appointed for every prophet enemies—devils from among mankind and jinn—who inspire one another with embellished speech to deceive. Had your Lord willed, they would not have done so. So leave them and what they fabricate. (112) And so that the hearts of those who do not believe in the Hereafter may incline to it, be pleased with it, and commit whatever they commit. (113) Shall I seek a judge other than Allah, when it is He who has sent down to you the Book, explained in detail? Those to whom We gave the Scripture know that it has been sent down from your Lord in truth, so never be among the doubters. (114) The word of your Lord has been fulfilled in truth and justice. None can change His words.” [al-An‘ām 112–115]

He also said:

“Are they waiting for anything but that the angels should come to them, or your Lord should come, or some of your Lord’s signs should come?” [al-An‘ām 158]

And He said:

“And your Lord comes with the angels, rank upon rank.” (22) [al-Fajr 22]

The word al-malak (angel) is a generic noun. A distinction is thus drawn between his Lord and the angels, and “the angels” encompasses all angels. Similarly, He says in the following verse:

“Are they waiting for anything but that Allah should come to them in canopies of clouds, together with the angels?” [al-Baqarah 210]

He thus distinguishes between the name Allah and the angels. There He calls Himself “Allah,” and here He calls Himself “your Lord.” If, then, someone takes Muhammad’s Lord to be one of the angels, besides this being among the gravest forms of deviation concerning Allah’s names and signs, does not every Muslim—indeed, every rational person—know that it is self-evidently false, and that Allah and His Messenger did not intend

قط ربًّا غير الله وَهُوَ رَبُّ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَلَا تَكْسِبُ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ إِلَّا عَلَيْهَا وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى [الأنعام ١٦٤] وقد قال تعالى وَكَذَلِكَ جَعَلْنَا لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ عَدُوًّا شَيَاطِينَ الْإِنْسِ وَالْجِنِّ يُوحِي بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ زُخْرُفَ الْقَوْلِ غُرُورًا وَلَوْ شَاءَ رَبُّكَ مَا فَعَلُوهُ فَذَرْهُمْ وَمَا يَفْتَرُونَ (١١٢) وَلِتَصْغَى إِلَيْهِ أَفْئِدَةُ الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْآخِرَةِ وَلِيَرْضَوْهُ وَلِيَقْتَرِفُوا مَا هُمْ مُقْتَرِفُونَ (١١٣) أَفَغَيْرَ اللَّهِ أَبْتَغِي حَكَمًا وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ إِلَيْكُمُ الْكِتَابَ مُفَصَّلًا وَالَّذِينَ آتَيْنَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ يَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ مُنَزَّلٌ مِنْ رَبِّكَ بِالْحَقِّ فَلَا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُمْتَرِينَ (١١٤) وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ صِدْقًا وَعَدْلًا لَا مُبَدِّلَ لِكَلِمَاتِهِ [الأنعام ١١٢-١١٥] وأيضًا فقال هَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَأْتِيَهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ أَوْ يَأْتِيَ رَبُّكَ أَوْ يَأْتِيَ بَعْضُ آيَاتِ رَبِّكَ [الأنعام ١٥٨] وقال وَجَاءَ رَبُّكَ وَالْمَلَكُ صَفًّا صَفًّا (٢٢) [الفجر ٢٢] والملك اسم جنس ففصل بين ربه وبين الملائكة والملائكة تعم جميع الملائكة كما قال في الآية التالية هَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي ظُلَلٍ مِنَ الْغَمَامِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ [البقرة ٢١٠] ففصل بين اسم الله وبين الملائكة وهناك سمى نفسه الله وهنا سمى نفسه ربك فإذا جعل الجاعل رب محمد بعض الملائكة فهذا مع أنه من أعظم الإلحاد في أسماء الله وآياته أليس يعلم كل مسلم بل كل عاقل أنه معلوم الفساد بالضرورة وأن الله ورسوله لم يرد

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